Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

reproduction > clinical disease and pop control of small animals > Flashcards

clinical disease and pop control of small animals Flashcards

1
Q

how many nipples dog have

A

10

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

how many nipples cat have

A

8

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

4 signs oestrus

A
  • vulval enlargment
  • standing
  • standing when apply rump pressure
  • haemorrhagic/straw coloured discharge with characteristic smell
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

white vaginal discharge can suggest (4)

A
  • vaginitis
  • early metestrus
  • open pyo
  • cystitis
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

red vaginal discharge can be (2)

A
  • proestrus

- oestrus

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

clear mucoid vaginal discharge is

A
  • normal
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

clear watery vaginal discharge can be (1)

A

allantioc/amniotic fluid

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

greeny black vaginal discharge can be (1)

A

normal parturition

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

brown/red black vaginal discharge can be (1)

A

metritis

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

adult vaginitis vaginal discharge

A

purulent creamy white discharge

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

2 types vaginitis

A
  • adult

- juvenile

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

juvenile vaginitis treatment

A

usually resolves with first season

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

treatment adult vaginitis

A
  • treat specific cause

- exogenous oestrogens

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

pyometra is more common in (species)

A

dog

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

pyometra usually presents when

A

8 weeks after last oestrus

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

3 things needed for pyo formation

A
  • cystic endometrial hyperplasia
  • open cervix
  • progesterone (immunosuppressive)
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

diagnos pyo

A
  • ultrasound

- on radiograph can get pregnancy confused with pyo

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

tx vaginal trauma

A

conservative tx usually works

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

vaginal/vestibulo neoplasia common types

A
  • leiomyoma - benign smooth muscle tumour most common

- leiomyosarcoma - malignant is less common

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

vaginal hyperplasia occur due to

A

excessive response of vaginal mucosa to oestrogens in follicular phase

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

vaginal hyperplasia causes

A

vaginal oedema then proplapse

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
22
Q

what breed more predisposed to vaginal prolapse

A

brachycephalic breeds

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
23
Q

treatment vaginal proplapse

A
  • conservative keep it moist and sutures

- surgical excision

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
24
Q

placental separation causes what discharge

A

greenish/reddish brown

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
25
Q

concerned if occur during parturition

A
  • foetal fluids passed 2-3 hours ago and nothing

- straining 20-30 min and nothing

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
26
Q

commonest cause of dog dystocia

A

malpresentation

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
27
Q

5 causes of primary uterine inertia

A
  • young
  • fat
  • inherited
  • small or large litter
  • systemic disease
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
28
Q

tx inertia if no obstruction

A
  • exercise
  • oxytocin
  • tickle dorsal wall of vagina
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
29
Q

how use oxytocin in uterine inertia tx

A
  • give repeated small doses

- a large dose will prolong contractions and crush babies

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
30
Q

ovarian neoplasia presentation

A
  • large mass

- ascites

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
31
Q

hydrometra/mucometra define

A

sterile fluid accumulation in uterus

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
32
Q

hydrometra/mucometra occurs due to

A

2* to congenital abnormality

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
33
Q

retained testicle is more likely to be (3)

A
  • hypoplastic
  • neoplastic
  • abnormally functioning
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
34
Q

4 causes of differently sized testicles

A
  • neoplasia
  • torsion
  • epididymitis
  • orchitis
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
35
Q

the testicle is how common to get neoplasia

A

2nd most common site

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
36
Q

tumours of retained testicles more likely to be

A

malignant

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
37
Q

tumours of normal testicles more likely to be

A

benign

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
38
Q

clinical signs of oestrogen secreting tumour male dogs (3)

A
  • droopy prepuce
  • symetrical flank alopecia
  • mammary gland development
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
39
Q

oestrogen secreting tumour in male dog

A

sertoli cell tumour

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
40
Q

3 clinical signs orchitis/epididymitis

A
  • testicular pain
  • scrotal oedema
  • systemically ill
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
41
Q

orchitis/epididymitis can

A

abscessation through the scrotum

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
42
Q

orchitis/epididymitis if chronic

A

get fibrotic testicles and adhesions form between scrotum and tunic

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
43
Q

paraphimosis define

A

non-erect protruding penis that cannot retract

44
Q

3 causes of paraphimosis

A
  • narrow preputial orifice
  • penile enlargment
  • weak preputial muscles
45
Q

priapism define

A

persistent erection

46
Q

priapism can be (2)

A
  • ischaemic

- non-ischaemic

47
Q

ischaemic priapism appearance

A

rigid shaft with soft glans

48
Q

3 causes penile mass

A
  • inflammation
  • neoplasia
  • urethral prolapse
49
Q

hypospadias define

A

failure of the fuision of male urogenital folds and so incomplete formation of the penile urethra

50
Q

persistent frenulum define

A
  • congenital disease

- incomplete separation of penis and prepuce after puberty

51
Q

phimosis define

A

cannot protrude penis

52
Q

prostatic enlargement can present as

A

dyschezia

53
Q

most common prostatic disease of the entire male dog

A

benign prostatic hypertrophy

54
Q

testosterone dependant benign prostatic hypertrophy causes

A

uniform enlargment of the prostate causing compression on rectum and so dyschezia and dysuria

55
Q

consider when doing prostatic drainage

A

drain all of it to prevent leaks

56
Q

2 types prostatic cyst

A
  • prostatic/parenchymal

- paraprostatic/periprostatic

57
Q

prostatic cyst clinical signs

A
  • similar to lower GIT obstruction

- urethral discharge

58
Q

prostatic neoplasia incidence

A
  • rare

- commoner in castrated males

59
Q

prostatic neoplasia type

A

locally invasive and metastatic

60
Q

prostatic neoplasia clinical signs (3)

A
  • weight loss
  • pain
  • dyschezia
61
Q

tx prostatic neoplasia

A

palliative

62
Q

type of procedure ovariohystorectomy

A

clean contaminated

63
Q

ovariohysterectomy define

A

removal of uterus and ovaries

64
Q

what attaches ovaries to sublumbar muscle

A

suspensory ligament

65
Q

cats and spaying be aware

A
  • cats in season have friable uterus so clamp will cut it

- test with clamp near ovary first

66
Q

ligatures 3 types

A
  • circling
  • transfixing
  • stick ties
67
Q

to find right ovary

A

elevate descending duodenum

68
Q

to find right broad ligament

A
  • elevate descending duodenum

- move small intestines and duodenum to lift

69
Q

to find left ovary

A

lift descending colon

70
Q

to find left broad ligament

A

just caudal to ovary

71
Q

to find cervical pedicle

A

lift bladder and reflect caudally

72
Q

caesarian how to

A
  • exteriorise uterus
  • pack it off
  • incise body of uterus
  • clamp of umbilical cord, but if doesnt come easily then dont pull it
73
Q

suture closure of caesaream

A
  • inverting or appositional

- synthetic absorbable monofilament like monocryl

74
Q

open castration define

A

remove from vaginal tunic and do not repair

75
Q

closed castration define

A

no removal from vaginal tunic

76
Q

define scrotal ablation

A

remove testes with scrotum

77
Q

progesterone sponges how work

A
  • put in for 10-12 days
  • suppress LH pulses
  • when take out LH pulses increase
  • can give eCG on removal
78
Q

puberty cow

A

7-18 months

79
Q

puberty ewe

A

5-7 months

80
Q

pberty sow

A

6-8 months

81
Q

inducing puberty in gilts

A

at 6-7 months or at 100kg body weight give PG600

82
Q

ovine FSH will cause

A

superovulation in sheepp

83
Q

flushing define repro

A

increasing plane of nutrition 3-4 weeks pre mating to increase follicle recruitment

84
Q

high progesterone and ovulation

A

does not allow ovulation

85
Q

progesterone with PGF2alpha causes

A

extension of luteal phase

86
Q

PGF2alpha causes

A

lysis of corpus leuteum

87
Q

ruminants signal of implantation

A

interferon tau

88
Q

pig signal maternal recognition

A

oestrogen

89
Q

proestrus what hormone is dominant

A

oestrogen

90
Q

oestrus what hormone dominant

A

oestrogen

91
Q

metoestrus what hormone dominant

A

transitional

92
Q

dioestrus what hormone dominant

A

progesterone

93
Q

bitch what kind of breeder

A
  • monoestrus
  • non seasonal
  • spontaneous breeder
94
Q

queen what kind of breeder

A
  • seasonally polyestrous

- induced ovulator

95
Q

strange about bitches ovulation

A

first meiosis not complete when ovulates

96
Q

horse what day length breeder

A

long day

97
Q

sheep what day length breeder

A

short day

98
Q

bitch proestrus lasts

A

9 days

99
Q

bitch oestrus lasts

A

9 days

100
Q

pregnancy bitch lasts

A

60 days

101
Q

bitch anoestrus lasts

A

90 days

102
Q

where relaxin come from

A

placenta

103
Q

relaxin causes

A

prolactin and progesterone release

104
Q

how to stop oestrus in queen and bitch (2)

A
  • synthetic progestagen - proligestone

- testosterone

105
Q

how long luteal phase last unconceived queen

A

45 days

106
Q

how long luteal phase last pregnant queens

A

65 days

reproduction (5 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions