Clinical Data Repositories Flashcards
- in electronic or written format
- to represent an aggregated database of clinical information
- It usually houses a multitude of laboratory results, diagnostic reports, and various clinical documentations.
- The data are readily searchable and exportable, often because the information is gathered from standard clinical care procedures
- The CDR integrates physician-entered data with data from different existing information systems including laboratory, radiology, admission, and pharmacy among others.
- It is a location where both clinical data and other data of interest, such as external data sources and financial data, are assimilated.
CLINICAL DATA REPOSITORIES (CDR)
can successfully depict the same sample across different points in time, from varying sources both within and outside the health institution.
CLINICAL DATA REPOSITORIES
Common kinds of available information in the CDR are listed below:
*Patient Demographics
*Patient’s Primary Care Provider
*Medication List
*Allergies
*Hospital Inpatient Visits
*Emergency Department Encounters
*Outpatient Practice Visits
*Immunizations
*Diagnoses
*Procedures
*Lab Results
*Social History
*Vitals
A database that collects observations for a specific clinical research study.
Study
A database of observations made as a result of direct health care
Electronic Health Record
Observations collected and organized for the purpose of studying or guiding particular outcomes on a defined population.
Associated studies are either multiple or long-term and evolving over time.
Registry
A repository that adds levels of integration and quality to the primary (research or clinical) data of a single institution, to support flexible queries for multiple uses. Is broader in application than a registry.
Warehouse
A library of heterogeneous data sets from more organizations than a warehouse or more sources than a registry. Organized to help users find a particular data set, but not to query for data
combined across data sets.
Collection
A repository distributed across multiple locations, where each location retains control over access to its own data, and is responsible for making the data comparable with the data of other locations.
Federation
allows data to be extracted along dimensions
such as time (by year, month, week, or day), location, or diagnosis among many others. This data can often be accessed in smaller units within the same dimension. For instance, a user can view the number of patients with having a certain type of diagnosis,
lab result, or prescription within a year, then a month in that year, and further into a day in that month.
structure of clinical data repositories
Information for patients is typically scattered across multiple subsystems. A clinical data repository standardizes data from disparate sources into a cohesive format. It comprises numerous tables, each offering a partial view of patient information.
MULTIPLE VIEWS FOR PATIENT MEDICAL RECORD
Data collected through an electronic health record system may be retrieved at the request of an authorized user, whether a physician, medical technologist, nurse or radiologist. The electronic health record may present patient care information as text, tables, graphs, sounds, images, full-motion video, or signals on an electronic screen, phone, pager, or paper (Bronzino and Peterson, 2014).
GRAPHICAL REPRESENTATION OF LAB RESULTS AND
VITALS
helps in simplifying a wide array of information, and it allows decision-makers to derive analytical results from information presented visually. Correlations, patterns, and trends which might be undetected from text-based clinical data can be revealed and recognized with more ease
Data visualization
is increasingly becoming an important tool in decision making.
Visualization
most clinical data repositories enable scenario analysis, which helps users use different kinds of filters in order to change the level of information that may be seen.
The graphical representation
