Clinical Bacteriology Flashcards
1
Q
Novobiocin Sensitive
A
S. epidermidis
2
Q
Novobiocin Resistant
A
S. saprophyticus
3
Q
Catalase negative and in chains
A
streptococcus
4
Q
optochin sensitive and bile soluble
A
S. pneumonia
5
Q
Optochin resistant and bile insoluble
A
Viridans strep like S. Mutans
6
Q
Bacitracin Sensitive
A
Group A Strep (S. pyogenes)
7
Q
Bacitracin Resistant
A
Group B Strep (S. agalactiae)
8
Q
alpha hemolytic bacteria
A
S. pneumonia and Viridans Strep
9
Q
beta hemolytic bacteria
A
S. aureus, S, pyogenes, S, agalactiae, Listeria
10
Q
tumbling motility
A
Listeria monocytogenes
11
Q
2nd most common cause of uncomplicated UTI in young women
A
S. saprophyticus, 1st is E. coli (wipe front to back ladies)
12
Q
Lancet-shaped, gram positive diplococci
A
S. pneumonia
13
Q
sepsis in sickle cell anemia and splenectomy
A
S. pneumonia
14
Q
Most common cause of Meningitis, otitis media in kids, penumonia, and sinusitis
A
MOPS - S. pneumonia
15
Q
causes dental caries
A
S. Mutans (from Viridans Strep group)
16
Q
cause SUBacute bacterial endocarditis at damaged valves
A
S. sanguinis (from Viridans Strep group)
17
Q
Criteria for Rheumatic fever
A
Joints - polyarthritis O looks like heart - carditis Nodules - subcutaneous Erythema mirginatum Syndenham chorea S. pyogenes - M protein causes this
18
Q
rash, sandpaper-like tongue, strawberry tongue, circumoral pallor
A
Scarlet fever from S. pyogenes
19
Q
Hippurate test positive
A
Group B strep, aka S. agalactiae
20
Q
When to screen pregnant women for S. agalactiae
A
35-37weeks, if positive tx with intrapartum penicillin prophylaxis
21
Q
Grow in 6.5% NaCl and bile
A
Entercocci (group D Strep)
22
Q
Causes subacute endocarditis in colon CA patients
A
Strep Bovis
23
Q
Elek test for toxin
A
C. diphtheria
24
Q
Black colonies on Cystine-tellurite agar
A
C. diphtheria
25
121C for 15minutes
to kill spores
26
Tx for C. difficile
metronidazole or oral vancomycin
27
ulcer with black eschar
cutaneous anthrax
28
woolsorter's disease
pulmonary anthrax - starts as flu and progresses to fever, pulmonary hemorrhage, mediastinitis and shock
29
reheated rice syndrome
bacillus cereus, caused by cereulide
30
gram positive organism that produces LPS
Listeria
31
Tx of Actinomyces
penicillin
32
Tx of Nocardia
sulfonamides
33
primary TB is localized in what area of lung?
mid lung
34
secondary TB is localized in what area of lung?
apical lung
35
Pott Disease
extrapulmonary TB in the vertebrae
36
interferon-gamma- release assay
more specific test of TB, has fewer false positives from BCG vaccination
37
PPD is negative if:
no infection or anergy like taking steroids, malnutritin, immunocompromised and in sarcoidosis
38
Night sweats, fever, weight loss, hemoptysis
Mycobacterium tuberculosis
| MAC in AIDS patients
39
Cord factor
in virulent strains of TB that inhibit macrophage maturation and induces the release of TNF-alpha
40
Reservoir for Leprosy
Armadillos
41
Tuberculoid Leprosy
in people with high CMI, largely Th1-response
42
hypoesthetic hairless plaques on the skin, can't feel area
tuberculoid leprosy
43
leonine face
lepromatous leprosy
44
Lepromatous Leprosy
low CMI with humoral Th2 response
45
EMB agar
lactose fermenter grow as purple/black colonies
| E. coli grows purple with a green sheen
46
What bug ferments maltose?
N. Meningitidis
47
N. gonorrhoeae is usually found in what type of cell?
neutrophils
48
Causes septic arthritis
gonorrhea
49
Tx of gonorrhea
Ceftriaxone + (azithromycin or doxycycline for possible chlamydia)
50
prophylaxis for meningitis
rifampin
51
BL Adrenal Hemorrhage from N. menigitidis
Waterhouse-Friderichsen Syndrome
52
Causes epiglottitis in children
H. influenza
53
Tx mucosal infections from Hib with:
Amoxicillin +/- Clavulanate
54
Thumbprint sign on lateral neck radiograph
H. influenza epiglottitis
55
Patient will have hyponatremia, sever pneumonia, fever, GI and CNS symptoms
Legionella pnuemophilia
56
cause of external otitis, swimmer's ear
Pseudomonas aeruginosa
57
ecthyma gangrenosum
Pseudomonas aeruginosa
58
K capsule
E. coli
59
anemia, thrombocytopenia, and acute renal failure
HUS - seen in EHEC and Shigella
60
lobar penumonia in alcoholics and diabetics
Klebsiella
61
produce hydrogen sulfide
salmonella
62
invades intestinal mucosa and causes a monocytic response
salmonella
63
invades intestinal mucosa and cause PMN infiltration
Shigella
64
rose spots on abdomen, fever, HA, and diarrhea
salmonella typhi
65
organ that salmonella typhi stays dormant in
Gallbladder
66
Bloody Diarrhea in kids after poultry, meat and unpasteurized milk
Campylobacter jejuni
67
Guillain-Barre and reactive arthritis
Campylobacter jejuni
68
Grows at 42C
Campylobacter jejuni
69
Can mimic Crohn disease or appendicitis
yersinia enterocolitica
70
Tx for H. pylori
PPI, clarithromycin + either amoxicillin or metronidazole
71
severe form with jaundice and azotemia from liver and kidney dysfunction - Hawaiian surfers get this
Weil Disease from Leptospira interrogans
72
Ixodes tick is a vector for:
borrelia burgdorferi and Babesia
| also anaplasma
73
Animal urine in water - flu symptoms, jaundice, photophobia with conjunctival suffusion (erythema without exudate)
Leptospira interrogans
74
Tx for Lyme's Disease
Doxycycline
75
facial nerve palsy, arthritis, AV nodal block, erythema migrans
Lyme disease - Borrelia burgdorferi
76
non-specific syphilis tests
VDR/RPR
77
FTA-ABS
specific test for syphilis
78
Charcot Joint
tertiary syphilis
79
painless chancre
primary syphilis
80
maculopapular rash (palms and soles)
secondary syphilis
81
aortitis (vasa vasorum destruction)
tertiary syphilis
82
constricts with accommodation but is not reactive to light
argyll robertson pupil found in tertiary syphilis
83
beef cardiolipin
VDRL detects this
84
flu-like syndrome after antibiotics are started - due to killed bacteria releasing pyrogens
Jarisch-Herxheimer reaction
85
relapsing fever
borrelia recurrentis - transferred by louse
86
puppies, livestock and undercooked meat
campylobacter jejuni
87
aerosols of cattle/sheep amniotic fluid
Q fever from Coxiella burnetti
88
cellulitis and osteomyelitis from animal bites, cats and dogs
pasterella multocda
89
fishy smell and clue cells
gardnerella vaginalis
90
Rickettsiae require what?
CoA and NAD+
91
rash on hands and feet first and moves inwards - after tick bite
rocky mountain spotted fever
92
Endemic typhus
from fleas - R. typhi
93
Epidemic typhus
human body louse - R. prowazekii
94
rash that starts on trunk and moves out sparing palms and soles
Typhus from fleas and louse
95
monocytes with morulae, berry like inclusions
Ehrlichiosis
96
granulocytes with morulae
anaplasmosis
97
infectious form in chlaydia
elementary body
98
Reiter's Syndrome
Reactive arthritis is from Chlamydia
99
cell wall lack muramic acid
Chlamydia
100
Blindness in Africa due to follicular conjunctivitis (chronic infection)
Chlamydia A, B, C
101
staccato cough in neonatal pneumonia
Chlamydia D-K
102
Small, painless ulcers on genitals that later become swollen, painful inguinal LN that ulcerate (buboes)
Lymphogranulosum venereum - Chlamydia Types L1, 2, 3
103
Tx of Lymphogranulosum venereum
Doxycycline
104
X-ray looks worse than the patient
Mycoplasma pneumonia
105
high titer of cold agglutinins (IgM)
Mycoplasma pneumonia
106
insidious onset, HA, nonpriductive cough, patchy or diffuse interstitial infiltrate
Mycoplasma pneumonia
107
Girls Rule
Boys Drool
