Clinical approach to dementia Flashcards
What are the components of language examination?
Spontaneous speech Auditory comprehension Naming Repetition Writing Reading: oral and comprehension
What are the components of spontaneous speech?
Fluency Paraphasia (unintended syllables) Word finding Articulation Effort Prosody
What is the difference between literal and verbal paraphasias?
Verbal: word substitution
Literal: sound substitution
What are the components of auditory comprehension?
Single words
phrases
Whole body commands
Syntax (order of doing things: you put your socks on before your shoes); being able to understand passive tense
What are the nonfluent aphasias?
Broca’s
Global aphasia
Transcortical motor aphasia
Mixed transcortical aphasia
What are the fluent aphasias?
Wernicke’s
Conduction
anomic
transcortical sensory
What are the symptoms of conduction aphasia?
Fluent speech
Good comprehension
poor naming
poor repetition
What is conduction aphasia due to?
possibly a lesion in the arcuate fasiculus
What are the symptoms of wernicke’s aphasia?
Fluent speech
Poor comprehension
Poor repetition
Poor naming
Can’t point to the door, but when asked to go to the door (whole body command), he did it
What causes wernicke’s aphasia?
Lesion in the posterior temporal lobe
What causes Broca’s aphasia?
Posterior inferior frontal lesion
What are the symptoms of broca’s aphasia?
Non fluent
Good comprehension
Poor naming
Poor repetition
Improves with singing
What are the symptoms of global aphasia?
No fluent speech
no comprehension
poor repetition
Poor naming
What lesions cause global aphasia?
Frontal, temporal, parietal lobes, including broca’s and wernicke’s
What are the symptoms of transcortical sensory aphasia?
Fluent speech
poor comprehension
good repetition
poor naming
What lesion causes transcortical sensory aphasia?
Posterior temporo-parieto-occipital junction sparing wernicke’s
What are the symptoms of transcortical motor aphasia?
Non-fluent speech
Good comprehension
Good repetition
Poor naming
What lesions cause transcortical motor aphasia?
Frontal lobe sparing broca’s
What are the symptoms of mixed transcortical aphasia?
No-fluent
Poor comprehension
Good repetition
Poor naming
What causes mixed transcortical aphasia?
Anterior and posterior association cortex lesions while sparing perisylvian language region
What are the symptoms of anomic aphasia?
Good fluency
Good repetition
Good comprehension
Poor naming
What causes anomic aphasia?
Temporo/temporo-parietal lesion
How does alexia without agraphia occur?
Lesion that damages left occipital + posterior part of corpus collosum
Info has to get to angular gyrus from either occipital lobe, but in this case, it doesn’t
