Clinical applications of mindfulness Flashcards
Who developed MBSR, what is it’s base, what does it teach and where is it taught?
Jon Kabat-Zinn,
Based on ancient traditions and western science,
It teaches the relationship to physical health and stress,
taught in USA mainly, more broadly now
What are the 6 principles of MBSR
Less time of autopilot Living a more mindful life Letting go of constant judgment of our state Openness to distress Acceptance of our situations Turn toward the difficult
What is MBSR relationship to medical problems and how is it proposed to work?
Designed for those with chronic issues,
Provides a holistic response,
Changes relationship to symptoms,
Emphasis of body and mind interaction,
Increased awareness of automatic pain relief behaviour,
Balance of acceptance of current situation and action toward improving.
How is MBSR delivered?
In a large group,
2.5 hour sessions for 8 weeks,
Full six day session at week 6
Home practice of 45 minutes,
Includes yoga, walking meditations, body scans.
Learning through enquiry (poems and stories)
What is the Schedule of MBSR
1: There is more right with you
2: Perception and creative responding
3: The pleasure and power of being present
4: The shadow of stress
5: Finding the space for making decisions
6: Working with difficult situations
Full Day Dive in
7: Cultivating Kindness toward self and others.
8: The eighth week is the rest of your life
What is MBCT, who designed it, what was it’s main purpose, and how does it work?
Mixture od MBSR and CBT, mainly MBSR though.
Developed by Teasdale, Williams and Segal to prevent relapse into depression.
Understanding is that relapse is protected by meta-cognition.
Core skill is to step away from negative thought cascade, be behind the waterfall.
Developed to be evaluated.
Principles of MBCT?
Broadly similar to MBSR
Focuses primarily of the thoughts and mind modes.
Formulation based and specific to challenges
What is the Schedule of MBCT
1: Awareness and autopilot
2: Thoughts living in our heads
3: Gathering the scattered mind
4: Recognising aversion
5: Allowing/letting be
6: Thoughts are not facts
7: How can I best take care of myself
8: Maintaining and extending new learning
Format of MBCT
8 weeks, with home work, 2 hours session, not always full day practice at week 6
Additionally, CBT, Information (abiguity in-session) (records of pleasant and unpleasant), and homework (set back plan).
Breathing space short 3 minute meditation.
Groups of 12
How are MBCT and MBSR similar?
Group sessions
Week by week information
Themes
Variety of practices: Mindfulness, Dialogue, reading, stories and poems
What exercises do both MBSR and MBCT use?
The raisin exercise, Body scan ,sitting meditation and mindful movement
What practice is unique to MBCT and what are the steps?
Breathing space.
1: Become aware of our current experience
2: Gather our awareness toward breathing into one particular place
3: Open our awareness to the whole body using the breath as an anchor
How can the practices in MBSR and MBCT be best described?
1: Carefully designed and progress orientated practices
2: Specific and overlapping purposes
3: Opportunity to choose preferences
What was the original study that put MBCT on the map?
Teasdale study in 2000 showed those with 3 depressive episodes showed a relapse rate over 60 weeks of 40% as opposed to 66% in TAU.
Replicated 4 years later by same group.
What did Kuyken find in his replication study of Teasdale?
He used an RCT pitting antidepressants against MBCT with medication support.
He found 47% vs 60% relapse rate in favour of MBCT
No cost difference
MBCT reported less, symptoms and co-morbididty and improved quality of life
75% came off meds completely
