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Jake's Study Guide > Climate Change and Weather Flashcards 1: > Flashcards

Climate Change and Weather Flashcards 1:

To study for the Climate Change and Weather Test

1
Q

Define weather.

A

The atmospheric conditions in a particular region over a short period of time.

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2
Q

Name 4 examples of atmospheric conditions.

A

Temperature, precipitation, wind, and humidity.

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3
Q

Define climate.

A

The average of the weather in a region over a long period of time.

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4
Q

How long does a climate last in a region?

A

30 years or more.

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5
Q

Higher latitudes are… (temperature)

A

Cooler.

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6
Q

Higher latitudes are… (distance from the sun)

A

Farther from the sun.

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7
Q

Lower latitudes are… (Temperature)

A

Warmer.

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8
Q

Lower latitudes are… (distance from the sun)

A

Closer to the sun.

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9
Q

Water heats and cools… (type of time) than land

A

Slower than land.

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10
Q

Land heats and cools… (type of time) than water

A

Faster than water

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11
Q

Areas near the oceans have… (moderate or distinct) temperatures.

A

Moderate temperatures.

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12
Q

Areas more inland have… (moderate or distinct) temperatures.

A

Distinct temperatures.

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13
Q

Oceans do what to coastal cities?

A

Moderate the temperatures.

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14
Q

Warm ocean currents… (raise or cool) temperatures

A

Raise temperatures.

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15
Q

Cool ocean currents… (raise or cool) temperatures

A

Cool temperatures.

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15
Q

What happens to clouds’ moisture as they go over the mountains?

A

They lose their moisture.

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15
Q

Air is thinner and cooler at… (higher or lower) latitudes

A

Higher latitudes.

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15
Q

What is a greenhouse gas?

A

A greenhouse gas is a gas in the atmosphere that absorbs infrared radiation, and emits it back towards the earth, instead of letting it into space.

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15
Q

What is the most abundant greenhouse gas in the atmosphere?

A

Water vapor.

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15
Q

Water vapor enters the atmosphere mainly through…

A

Evaporation, transpiration, and volcanic activity.

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15
Q

Methane gases are products of…

A

Livestock farming.

15
Q

Removing forests for cattle farms will… (do what to the GHG (greenhouse gas) problem)

A

Multiply the GHG problem.

15
Q

Methane is also released by…

A

Landfills.

15
Q

Why is ozone in the upper atmosphere beneficial?

A

It prevents harmful UV rays from entering the earth.

15
Q

In the lower atmosphere, why is ozone harmful?

A

It is a GHG in the lower atmosphere.

16
Q

How is ozone produced in the lower atmosphere?

A

Ozone is produced when GHG that is released by burning materials is exposed to sunlight, or when products of combustion is exposed to sunlight.

17
Q

The amount of carbon dioxide in the atmosphere started rising dramatically after…

A

The Industrial Revolution.

18
Q

What does product mean?

A

Products are chemicals that are released by a different chemical reaction.

19
Q

Carbon dioxide is the product of…

A

Burning fossil fuels.

20
Q

What happens to CO2 levels during deforestation?

A

CO2 levels increase.

21
Q

How do trees help keep CO2 levels under control?

A

Trees store carbon from the atmosphere into carbon sinks.

22
Q

What is the main reason for the increase in nitrous oxide?

A

Agriculture’s overuse of fertilizer.

23
Q

What is chlorofluorocarbons?

A

It is a type of chemical released by aerosol sprays and refrigerants.

24
Q

Are chlorofluorocarbons greenhouse gases?

A

Yes.

25
Q

What greenhouse gas is responsible for the hole in the ozone layer?

A

Chlorofluorocarbons.

26
Q

How many countries have banned chlorofluorocarbons?

A

Over 200 countries.

27
Q

What is the abbreviation for water vapor?

A

H20.

28
Q

What is the abbreviation for carbon dioxide?

A

CO2.

29
Q

What is the abbreviation for methane?

A

CH4.

30
Q

What is the abbreviation for nitrous oxide?

A

N2O

31
Q

What is the abbreviation for ozone?

A

O3.

32
Q

What is the abbreviation for chlorofluorocarbons?

A

CFCs.

33
Q

What is the greenhouse effect?

A

It is the process of when gases and clouds absorb infrared radiation, and emit it back to earth instead of letting it into space.

34
Q

Some energy reflects off of what and goes back to space?

A

Some energy reflects off of the atmosphere.

35
Q

Some energy from the sun is absorbed by (?) and (?).

A

Clouds and the Earth’s surface.

36
Q

Greenhouse gases in the atmosphere absorb the radiation from the sun and…

A

Emit it in all directions.

37
Q

Some of the radiation emitted by greenhouse gases can go back to either…

A

Outer space or earth.

38
Q

What type of process is the greenhouse effect?

A

It is a natural process.

39
Q

What is a carbon sink?

A

A carbon sink is a reservoir that removes carbon dioxide from the atmosphere, and stores the carbon in a different form.

40
Q

Name 2 examples of carbon sinks.

A

Forests and oceans.

41
Q

Since the Industrial Revolution, the earth’s average global temperatures have risen by how much?

A

1 degree Celsius.

Jake's Study Guide (3 decks)

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