Cell Organization/Organelles Test Flashcards 1
To study for the test.
How many cells are in the human body?
120 trillion.
The workers of the cell are…
Enzymes.
Enzymes are like…
Mini-machines, or serve as structures within the cell.
Powering the activity of the cell are (1) which create (2).
- Mitochondria
- ATP
Once a gene is copied, the instructions are taken where to create a protein?
Outside of the nucleus.
Proteins on the surface of cells are inspected by…
White blood cells.
Our first line of defense against bacteria and viruses is the…
Skin.
How do antibodies kill viruses?
Antibodies make viruses bind together, which makes it easier for the white blood cells to kill them. If they get in, they stick to the virus and trigger a defense system.
How do viruses get inside of the cell?
Viruses use their tails to attach to the membrane, where they force themselves in.
Why aren’t viruses considered alive?
They can’t replicate on its own.
What is necessary for complex life to exist?
Energy that is made by mitochondria.
What do viruses use to move towards the nucleus?
Motor proteins.
Motor proteins move at…
Over 100 steps per second.
How does the virus’ DNA get into the nucleus?
The motor proteins pull and break the virus, releasing the DNA into the nucleus.
How many genes are in the human nucleus?
23,000.
How many genes are in a virus DNA.
40.
What protein is made that weakens the nucleus membrane?
Adenovirus.
White blood cells can create how many antibodies per second?
5000.
Organisms carry out their own…
Life processes.
Scientific knowledge often results from the combination of several different…
Scientists.
Who helped to contribute to the cell theory?
Robert Hooke, Anton van Leeuwenhoek, Matthais Shledin, Theodor Shwann, and Rudolf Virchow.
Robert Hooke saw (1) when using a microscope to (2).
- Box like spaces
- Observe slices of cork
Anton van Leeuwenhoek made (1) of the (2) he observed.
- Drawings
- Organisms
Who was the first person to describe actual living cells?
Anton van Leeuwenhoek.
When did Anton van Leeuwenhoek describe actual living cells?
When he looked at a drop of pond water under a microscope.
Anton van Leeuwenhoek looking at a drop of pond water made other scientists wonder if…
All living things were made up of cells.
Matthais Schledin concluded that…
All plants are made up of cells.
Theordor Schwann determined that…
All animal tissues are made up from cells
Theordor Schwann concluded that…
All organisms are made up of one or more cells.
Rudolf Virchow proposed that…
Cells could only form from the division of other cells.
Rudolf Virchow’s conclusion was what part added to the cell theory?
The third part.
What is the cell theory?
All organisms are made up of one or more cells, the cell is the basic unit of life, and all cells come from existing cells.
All organisms are made up of…
One or more cells.
Organisms made up of one cell are called…
Unicellular.
The single cell of a unicellular organism must carry out…
All the functions for life.
Organisms that are made up of multiple cells are called…
Multicellular.
The cells of multicellular organisms often have…
Specialized functions.
Stem cells are used to…
Grow new cells in a lab to replace damaged organs or tissues.
Prokaryotes are always…
Unicellular.
Prokaryotes have no…
Nucleus.
Prokaryotes are more of a…
Primitive cell.
Prokaryotes divide by…
Binary Fission.
Eukaryotes can either be…
Unicellular or multicellular.
Eukaryotes have a…
Nucleus.
Eukaryotes are a more…
Developed cell.
