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Nat 5 Geography > Climate Change > Flashcards

Climate Change Flashcards

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1
Q

What are physical causes of climate change?

A
  • Climate Change Cycles
  • Methane gas released from rotting vegetation
  • Solar cycles and solar sun spots
  • The rotation of the earth/Milankowich theory
  • Volcanoes
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2
Q

How does; Volcanoes cause climate change?

A

This means that sulphur dioxide gas and dust particles are released during volcanic eruptions in large clouds and can limit the amount of solar energy reaching the earth.

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3
Q

How does; The rotation of the earth/Milankowich theory cause climate change?

A

This is because the Earth’s orbit around the sun is not perfect, causing temperature changes

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4
Q

How does; Solar cycles and solar sun spots cause climate change?

A

Shows that the earth warms and cools naturally without human contribution, during these cycles more energy is released by the sun causing the earth to warm, however this is temporary and the earth will cool back down

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5
Q

How does; Methane gas released from rotting vegetation cause climate change?

A

The GHG methane is released from animals like cattle, Wetland and Tundra and Permafrost which has methane trapped inside it and as temps rise and the permafrost melts the methane is released into the atmosphere

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6
Q

How does; Climate Change Cycles cause climate change?

A

Occurs over a period of 40,000 and means that there are variations in the amount of a solar energy reaching earth which can affect global temperatures.

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7
Q

What are human affects of climate change?

A
  • Burning of fossil fuels
  • Land fills
  • Crop farming/Fertilisers
  • Animal/Cattle farming
  • Car fumes
  • Production of polystyrene/use of aerosols
  • Deforestation
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8
Q

How does; The Burning of fossil fuels affect climate change?

A

This causes carbon dioxide to be released into the atmosphere which contributes to the enhanced greenhouse effect, leading to global warming.

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9
Q

How does; Land fills affect climate change?

A

When waste in land fills decomposes methane gas is produced which is 23x stronger than CO2 causing average global temperatures to increase

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10
Q

How does; Crop farming/fertilisers affect climate change?

A

Fertilisers are used to fertilise the soil, which will eventually release nitrous oxides into the atmosphere. Nitrous oxides are 200-300x more effective than CO2 at trapping heat in the earth atmosphere leading to global warming

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11
Q

How does; Animal/Cattle farming affect climate change?

A

The cows dung/flatulence leads to climate change as methane is a greenhouse gas 23 times stronger than carbon dioxide

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12
Q

How does; Car fumes affect climate change?

A

When cars burn fossil fuels they release CO2 into the atmosphere, which is important as number of cars on the road increases. CO2 makes up for 77% of the green house gases trapping heat in the atmosphere. NO2 is also released which is 200-300x more effective at trapping heat in the earths atmosphere.Both contributing to the enhanced greenhouse effect causing average global temperatures to rise

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13
Q

How does; The Production of polystyrene/use of aerosols affect climate change?

A

Production of polystyrene and use of aerosols produces CFC’s which reduce the ozone layer making the planet cooler

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14
Q

How does; Deforestation affect climate change?

A

This means that when trees are cut down they no longer take in carbon dioxide from the air during photosynthesis, resulting in more being left in the atmosphere.

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15
Q

What are the positive affects of climate change?

A
  • There will probably be more heat waves
  • Climate change will mean colder places will be warmer
  • Plants and animals will grow/thrive in new places due to drier and warmer climates
  • Colder areas like Alaska will get warmer
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16
Q

How is; There will probably be more heat waves, a positive effect of climate change?

A

People that have businesses by the seaside may benefit due to increase of tourists as more people visit the area in nicer weather.

17
Q

How is; Plants and animals will grow/thrive in new places due to drier and warmer climates, a positive effect of climate change?

A

Would increase economy and employment opportunities from examples like grapes for wine grew in England, will create more jobs in wineries etc

18
Q

How is; Climate change will mean colder places will be warmer, a positive effect of climate change?

A

There will be fewer deaths from flu, pneumonia and frostbite

19
Q

How is; Colder areas like Alaska will get warmer ,a positive effect of climate change?

A

More crops will be able to be grown in these areas which will help the economy and create more jobs for the area

20
Q

What are the negative affects of climate change?

A
  • Higher temps will mean glaciers and other areas of ice will melt
  • Ecosystems could be destroyed
  • Insects and rodents thrive in warmer weather
  • Heat waves cause more medical problems
  • Ski resorts may experience a lack of now
  • Droughts will be more frequent/occur in new areas
  • Sea level temperatures will rise
21
Q

How is; Higher temps will mean glaciers and other areas of ice will melt, a negative affect of climate change?

A

As ice melts sea levels will rise, which can lead to major flooding in low lying areas. Causing huge damage with the possibility of deaths and large numbers of people left homeless.

22
Q

How is; Ecosystems could be destroyed , a negative affect of climate change?

A

Ecosystems being destroyed will result in the death/extinction of some animals and plants.

23
Q

How is; Insects and rodents thrive in warmer weather, a negative affect of climate change?

A

There will be more mosquitoes, locus and other bugs that carry disease and damage crops. potentially causing tropical diseases such as malaria to spread to areas such as the UK

24
Q

How is; Heat waves cause more medical problems, a negative affect of climate change?

A

People who suffer from hay fever and asthma could be massively affected and the number of people with skin burns and sunstroke etc will increase.(putting a strain on hospitals)

25
Q

How is; Ski resorts may experience a lack of now, a negative affect of climate change?

A

This means that the tourism industry will face problems such as lack of business and loss of jobs, leading to high unemployment

26
Q

How is; Droughts will be more frequent/occur in new areas, a negative affect of climate change?

A

More people will die from dehydration, can cause crop failure and problems with food supply for people and lower income for farmers

27
Q

How is; Sea level temperatures will rise, a negative affect of climate change?

A

Hurricanes occur in areas of water above 26⁰C and higher world temperatures may mean that hurricanes will occur more frequently and be stronger causing more damage and devastation.

28
Q

What are solutions to help climate change?

A
  • Laws against logging
  • Government grants for insulation
  • Improve/encourage the use of public transport
  • Money invested into renewable energy
  • Global climate summits
  • Congestion charges in cities
  • 5p bag charge/more recycling points
  • Education programmes from young ages
29
Q

How does; Laws against logging, help climate change?

A

Laws like those in Brazil have been passed to reduce the removal of forest through burning and illegal logging, reducing the amount of CO2 released into the atmosphere.

30
Q

How does; Government grants for insulation, help climate change?

A

They give grants for things like loft insulation which reduces the amount of energy used in households.

31
Q

How does; Improve/encourage the use of public transport, help climate change?

A

If transport is improved people are more likely to use it, which reduces the number of cars and CO2 produced. Examples of this are the introduction of trams in Edinburgh or the Glasgow cycle hire scheme.

32
Q

How does; Money invested into renewable energy, help climate change?

A

If more money is invested in wind plants, HEP and solar panels, energy can be produced much cleaner without the use of fossil fuels.

33
Q

How does; Global climate summits, help climate change?

A

Many world nations including the UK take part in Climate Change Conferences, for example the
Paris Conference December,2015 where nations agreed targets to reduce the causes of global warming.

34
Q

How does; Congestion charges in cities, help climate change?

A

People are put off the idea of bringing cars into the city centres if they have to pay to do so. This means people are more likely to use public transport, cycle or use park and ride schemes which all reduce the amount of CO2 and NO2 (which is 200-300x stronger than CO2) produced.

35
Q

How does; 5p bag charge/more recycling points, help climate change?

A

If people have to pay for plastic bags they are more likely to used bags for and if there are more recycling points, the amount of waste going to landfill decreases and the amount of methane gas produced decreases which is 23x stronger than CO2.

36
Q

How does; Education programmes from young ages, help climate change?

A

Help to encourage people to behave sustainably by recycling, turning off lights and using public transport as this reduces the amount of fossil fuels used putting less CO2 into the atmosphere

Nat 5 Geography (9 decks)

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