Climate

Question 1

El Nino

Answer 1

characterized by low pressure and storms in the eastern pacific and high pressure and drought in the western pacific, wet winters in the southeastern and southwestern United States, relatively warm winters in Canada and the northern United States, and fewer Atlantic Ocean hurricanes.

Question 2

La Nina

Answer 2

characterized by high pressure and drought in the eastern pacific and low pressure and storms in the western pacific, cold winters in Canada, wetter winters in the Pacific Northwest, warmer, drier winters in the southeastern and southwestern United States, and more Atlantic Ocean hurricanes

Question 3

Climate

Answer 3

the product of weather over time. Or a combination of temperature, moisture, precipitation, and winds for a given place expressed as means which describes the climate

Question 4

Air pressure decreases..

Answer 4

with increasing altitude. Air becomes less dense, gets colder

Question 5

Dry Adiabatic Rate

Answer 5

In dry air, temperature changes drastically

Question 6

Moist Adiabatic rate

Answer 6

slower decrease in temperature as altitude increases, this is due to the water in the air that acts as a buffet due to its high specific heat

Question 7

Between the Hadleys

Answer 7

warm air is rising and cooling, clouds form, and there is precipitation due to low pressure

Question 8

Between Hadley and Ferrell cells

Answer 8

There is high pressure as cold air is sinking, weather is being suppressed, little rain (desert areas in this cell). Tropical warm airs spread to poles.

Question 9

between Polar and Ferrell cells

Answer 9

Hot air rising and cold air headed to equator, low pressure, clouds are produced and rain

Question 10

Alaska has 24 hrs of sun

Answer 10

As Northern Hemisphere faces the sun

Question 11

What is the angle of the earth?

Answer 11

23.5

Question 12

Northern Hemisphere has _____ as it tilts toward the sun

Answer 12

Summer

Question 13

Southern Hemisphere has _____ as it tilts away from the sun

Answer 13

winter

Question 14

Northern Hemisphere has ______ as it tilts away from the sun

Answer 14

Winter

Question 15

Souther hemisphere has _____ as it tilts towards the sun.

Answer 15

Summer

Question 16

When does Alaska has 24hrs of darkness?

Answer 16

In winter

Question 17

Northern Hemisphere has _____ equinox as the equator faces ______ from the sun.

Answer 17

autumnal, faces

Question 18

Southern Hemisphere has _____ equinox as the equator ____ the sun.

Answer 18

spring, faces

Question 19

Northern hemisphere has _____ equinox as the equator ____ the sun.

Answer 19

Spring, faces

Question 20

Southern Hemisphere has _____ equinox as the equator faces ____ from the sun

Answer 20

Autumnal, away

Question 21

intertropical convergence zone (ICZ)

Answer 21

the region where the Tradewinds meet, located in the center of the Hadley Cells, it is a region of rising, unstable air, cloudiness, and rain

Question 22

Where in the ITCZ in the summer?

Answer 22

On the hemisphere (Northern)

Question 23

Where is the ITCZ in the autumn/spring?

Answer 23

close to the equator, right above it/right below it

Question 24

Where is the ITCZ in the winter?

Answer 24

On the southern hemisphere (opposite one)

Question 25

The Coriolis Force

Answer 25

the rotation of the Earth itself causes objects that are moving (air and water) to be deflected at higher latitudes

Question 26

Objects in the Northern hemisphere are deflected in a ______ direction.

Answer 26

clockwise

Question 27

Objects in the northern hemisphere are deflected in a _____ direction

Answer 27

Counterclockwise

Question 28

Benjamin Franklin

Answer 28

studied currents while he was the first US postmaster. (First to map a current, the gulf stream)

Question 29

Carl Ludwig Willdenow

Answer 29

He is considered one of the founders of phytogeography, the student of the geographic distribution of plants. Willdenow was also a mentor of Alexander von Humboldt one of the earliest and best known phytogeographers. He pointed out that similar climates support similar vegetation.

Question 30

Humboldt

Answer 30

Friedrich Heinrich Alexander von Humboldt described vegetation in terms of outward appearance, correlated vegetation types with environmental characteristics and coined the term “plant association”

Question 31

Formation of a rain shadow

Answer 31

A rain shadow forms when moist winds head towards a set of mountains and get forced upwards by them. The air gets cooled down and cool air can’t hold as much water, so the water is lost as precipitation. The water never makes it over the mountain; the other side of the mountain has arid, dry climate

Question 32

Microclimate in Northwestern

Answer 32

North facing mountain is going to be more shaded than the south facing one therefore the plants on the north mountain are going to retain more water because the sun is not beating down on it. There is more lush on the north and the south is chaparral and arid. Ex: snow on north facing mountain.

Question 33

Microclimate in Northwestern

Answer 33

North facing mountain is going to be more shaded than the south facing one therefore the plants on the north mountain are going to retain more water because the sun is not beating down on it. There is more lush on the north and the south is chaparral and arid. Ex: snow on north facing mountain.

Question 34

Windbreak

Answer 34

Vegetation deflects wind and on the other side there is a “quiet zone” where animals and plants can thrive. The quiet zone experiences higher temperatures and a higher relative humidity. Does NOT create a microclimate, just reduces windspeed