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CLEARING Flashcards

1
Q

aka dealcoholization

A

CLEARING

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2
Q

Clearing agents are fully miscible to

A

ethanol and paraffin wax, and mounting media

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2
Q

Remove a substantial amount of fat from the tissue which otherwise presents a barrier to wax infiltration

A

CLEARING

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2
Q

done after dehydration or before infiltration; after staining or before mounting

A

CLEARING

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2
Q

Removal of dehydrant

A

CLEARING

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3
Q

gives structure back to the tissue

A

paraffin

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3
Q

how many changes of xylene in clearing

A

2 changes of xylene
- xylene (1st: 25mins), xylene (2nd: 45mins)

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3
Q

most important and critical part of tissue
processing because as much as possible it should preserve the tissue
in the living state.

A

Fixation

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3
Q

unique aliphatic substitute for xylene

A

Pro-par clearant

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3
Q

acts as an intermediate solvent/middle man so
paraffin could fully infiltrate the tissue

A

Clearing agent

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3
Q

specimen thickness in clearing

A

4mm

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3
Q

cause brittleness and more difficult to cut

A

Prolonged clearing:

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3
Q

fully miscible with both ethanol
and paraffin wax

A

Intermediate solvent

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3
Q

a good cleaning and clearing agent

A

xylene

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3
Q

specimen vol in clearing

A

20x the tissue volume/size

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4
Q

how many changes for Pro-par clearant

A

3 changes (45mins, 45mins, 45mins

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4
Q

Factors affecting Clearing

A

boiling point, viscosity and refractive index

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4
Q

It evaporates quickly in paraffin oven and can,
therefore, be readily replaced by wax during
impregnation and embedding

A

. XYLENE/XYLOL

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4
Q

Suitable for urgent biopsies which it clears within 15-30 minutes.

A

. XYLENE/XYLOL

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4
Q

It is the most rapid and common clearing agent

A

. XYLENE/XYLOL

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4
Q

substitute for xylene or benzene

A

TOLUENE

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4
Q

Toxic: CNS, Resp, Integumentary, Liver dse,
nephrotoxicity, conjunctivitis, teratogenic and fetotoxic

A

. XYLENE/XYLOL

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4
Q

better at preserving tissue structure

A

TOLUENE

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4
Q

Routine clearing agent

A

. XYLENE/XYLOL

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Highly concentrated solutions will emit fumes that are toxic upon prolonged exposure
TOLUENE
6
Slower than xylene and benzene
TOLUENE
6
It volatilizes rapidly in paraffin oven and is therefore easily eliminated from the tissue
BENZENE
6
It volatilizes rapidly in paraffin oven and is therefore easily eliminated from the tissue
BENZENE
6
It is rapid acting, hence is recommended for urgent biopsies (15-60mins)
BENZENE
7
it is recommended for tough/dense tissues leg skin, uterus, muscle, fibroid and decalcified tissues for nervous tissues, lymph nodes
CHLOROFORM
7
Extremely carcinogenic to man causing APLASTIC ANEMIA
BENZENE
7
It is suitable for large tissue specimen
CHLOROFORM
7
Miscible with absolute alcohol
CHLOROFORM
7
Tissues tend to float
CHLOROFORM
7
Cause less brittleness than xylene
CHLOROFORM
7
Toxic to the liver, should be used in well-ventilated room
CHLOROFORM
7
clearing agent For delicate specimens
ANILINE OIL
7
Its vapor may attack the rubber seal used in vacuum impregnating bath
CHLOROFORM
7
Embryos (bouin’s), insects,
ANILINE OIL
8
it has a dangerous toxic gas
CHLOROFORM
8
For central nervous system tissues and cytological studies, particularly of smooth muscles and skin
CEDARWOOD OIL
8
clearing agent that has offensive odor
TETRAHYDROFURAN
8
Extremely slow clearing agent (plus days)
CEDARWOOD OIL 2-3 days (paraffin) 5-6days (celloidin)
8
clearing agent that Makes tissue brittle
CLOVE OIL
8
clearing agent from plant extracts
TERPENES
8
Similar to chloroform but cheaper
CARBON TETRACHLORIDE (CCl4) OIL
8
using graupner's , how many hours/ minutes using paraffin
3x in 90min
8
clear both paraffin and celloidin section
CEDARWOOD OIL
8
clearing agent that is non toxic
TETRAHYDROFURAN
8
clearing agent where Celloidin is dissolved
CLOVE OIL
8
Superior to dehydrating and clearing agents
TETRAHYDROFURAN
8
clearing agent where aniline dyes are removed
CLOVE OIL
8
using graupner's , how many hours/ minutes using dioxane
3x in 4hrs
8
Prevent hepatotoxin
CARBON TETRACHLORIDE (CCl4) OIL
9
clearing agent for Double embedding
METHYL BENZOATE/SALICYLATE
9
Also called as Esters
METHYL BENZOATE/SALICYLATE
10
clearing agent that is Good for manual processing
METHYL BENZOATE/SALICYLATE
11
clearing agent for Papanicolaou smears
CARBO-XYLENE
12
Temp. of paraffin: in clearing
50-85C
12
clearing agent for Thick mucinous
. CARBO-XYLENE

HISTOCYT (4 decks)

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