Classification on Injuries Flashcards
What defines a direct injury?
• A. Caused by twisting and overextension
• B. Results from internal forces
• C. Caused by external force or impact
• D. Involves gradual tissue degeneration
C
What type of force results in a crushing or squeezing effect?
• A. Tensile
• B. Compressive
• C. Shear
• D. Elastic
B
What is the hallmark of a 3rd-degree sprain?
• A. Mild tenderness and swelling
• B. Complete rupture of tissue with severe swelling and ecchymosis
• C. Microtearing with slight laxity
• D. Partial tear with moderate tenderness
B
What is the primary sign of a contusion?
• A. Discoloration
• B. Loss of function
• C. Grinding sensation
• D. Visible bone fracture
A
Which is NOT a type of fracture classification?
• A. Partial vs Complete
• B. Open vs Closed
• C. Acute vs Chronic
• D. Greenstick vs Spiral
C
Which joint allows no movement?
• A. Diarthrotic
• B. Amphiarthrotic
• C. Synarthrotic
• D. Ball-and-socket
C
What is a primary cause of stress fractures?
• A. Direct trauma
• B. Repetitive stress and muscle fatigue
• C. Sudden forceful impact
• D. Bone infections
B
What is a primary characteristic of a shear force?
• A. Compression of tissue
• B. Pulling or stretching tissue in opposite directions
• C. Force parallel to a plane, causing sliding or displacement
• D. Twisting or rotational movement
C
What are the cardinal signs of the inflammatory response?
• A. Weakness, discoloration, swelling, and deformity
• B. Swelling, heat, altered function, redness, and pain
• C. Bruising, stiffness, numbness, and atrophy
• D. Pain, spasm, immobility, and fracture
B
What defines a 2nd-degree strain?
• A. Microtearing with minimal swelling
• B. Partial tear with moderate swelling and discoloration
• C. Complete rupture with severe loss of function
• D. Chronic inflammation of the muscle
B
Which condition involves inflammation of the bone’s periosteum?
• A. Myositis ossificans
• B. Periostitis
• C. Osteochondritis
• D. Bursitis
B
What term describes an incomplete break in a bone?
• A. Spiral fracture
• B. Comminuted fracture
• C. Greenstick fracture
• D. Compound fracture
C
What injury is defined by partial dislocation that spontaneously reduces itself?
• A. Subluxation
• B. Dislocation
• C. Compression injury
• D. Sprain
A
Which fracture healing stage involves the formation of a bony callus?
• A. Fibrocartilage callus formation
• B. Bone remodeling
• C. Hematoma formation
• D. Bony callus formation
D
What distinguishes a simple fracture from a complex fracture?
• A. Degree of displacement
• B. Location of the fracture
• C. Presence of an open wound
• D. Nature of the force applied
C
What is the typical healing time for long bones when properly immobilized?
• A. 3 weeks
• B. 4–6 weeks
• C. 6–8 weeks
• D. 8–12 weeks
C
What is the key difference between a tensile force and a compressive force?
• A. A tensile force pulls or stretches tissue, while a compressive force squeezes or crushes tissue.
• B. A tensile force causes sliding, while a compressive force causes twisting.
• C. A tensile force acts parallel to the tissue, while a compressive force acts perpendicularly.
• D. A tensile force only affects soft tissues, while a compressive force only affects bones.
A
Which of the following describes a neuropraxia injury?
• A. Complete severance of a nerve
• B. Temporary nerve damage with intact axon
• C. Disruption of the nerve’s endoneurium
• D. Inflammatory damage to the nerve sheath
B
What is the most common location for dislocations?
• A. Spine
• B. Shoulder and fingers
• C. Hips and knees
• D. Wrist and ankles
B
What type of injury results from internal forces generated by the body?
• A. Direct injuries
• B. Indirect injuries
• C. Open fractures
• D. Shear injuries
B
What is a nerve injury called that has little to no disruption of the nerve sheath and the axon remains intact. However, if repeated, scar tissue can build up and disrupt the nerve impulse and pathway?
* A. Axonotmesis * B. Neurotmesis * C. Neuropraxia * D. Neuroproxia
C
What is a nerve injury called that includes disruption of the axon and surrounding endoneurial sheath. The episode and perineurium remain intact and continuous.
* A. Axonotmesis * B. Neurotmesis * C. Neuropraxia * D. Neuroproxia
A
What is the nerve injured called that involves severe damage or severance of the entire nerve. There is damage to mast of the nerve structures including: axon, myelin, and the surrounding connective tissue. It is associated with axon degeneration and the ealing is often blocked by scar tissue or nerve transection.
* A. Axonotmesis * B. Neurotmesis * C. Neuropraxia * D. Neuroproxia
B
True or false?
Fracture classification includes transverse, oblique, spiral, comminuted, segmental, avulsed, impacted, torus, and greenstick.
True
True or false?
The stress overload cycle starts with muscle fatigue –> loss of shock absorption –> structural stress to bone –> remodelling (which can lead to stress fracture) –> pain –> (in)voluntary disuse –> muscle atrophy (bip)
True
