Classification of Lipid Disorders Flashcards
What’s the most common type of Lipid disorder in the US?
a. I
b. IIa
c. IIb
d. III
e. IV
c. IIb
What are the primary components of Type IIb hyperlipidemia? (2)
Elevated LDL and VLDL (TG)
What is the primary risk of severely elevated TG (500-1000)
Pancreatitis
What health conditions is Type IIb associated with (2)?
CHD (atherosclerotic plaque associated with High TG and LDL)
Metabolic Syndrome/Insulin Resistance
What is the general pathophys of Type IIa hyperlipidemia? (4 points)
Absent or non-functioning LDL receptors on liver
a) can’t extract LDL from circulation so plaque is deposited on organs and vessels
b) quickly progressive
c) causes EARLY life CHD, MI, stroke, early death
What is the typical lipid profile in T1D (TG, LDL, HDL)?
Varies based on glycemic control. Usually:
High TG
High LDL
Low HDL
if uncontrolled
What is the typical lipid profile in T2D TG, LDL, HDL)?
Varies based on glycemic control. Usually:
High TG
Low HDL
Smaller than normal LDL (clogs and builds easier, causing earlier vascular disease)
What is the primary cause of increased TG in T2D?
Uncontrolled blood sugar
What are the main subclasses of lipoproteins? (4)
HDL
LDL
VLDL (TG containing)
Chylomicrons
What is the formula for quickly estimating VLDL?
VLDL=TG/5
*TG divided by 5
How does VLDL ‘create’ elevated TG? (2)
1) VLDL made by the liver and released into the bloodstream
2) VLDL primarily carry TG to the tissues
*LDL only carries cholesterol to tissues
What is the other name for Type IIa Hyperlipidemia?
Familial Hyperlipidemia
Which Lipoproteins make up the Apo B? (2)
LDL
VLDL
(non-HDL)
When assessing lipid profiles, when should you consider the presence of metabolic syndrome/insulin resistance?
TG/HDL ratio over 4/5
What lipoproteins can increase when treating high TG?
LDL
When there is an increase in LDL when treating high TG, what happens to HDL?
Clearance of HDL increases
8When LDL is small and Tg is high, HDL isn’t able to remove cholesterol from tissue
What lab values are most accurate for evaluating a patient lipid profile? (2)
Apo B
Lipo protein density
Explain the process of hyperlipidemia in relation to uncontrolled blood sugars? (7)
1) Glucose converted to glycogenin
2) Glycogenin increases output of VLDL (Hepatic output of TG)
3) Increased output of VLDL causes instability of LDL (converts to small/dense LDL)
4) Small/dense LDL penetrates the vascular lining
5) Vascular penetration of LDL causes increased atherosclerotic disease
6) Increased atherosclerotic disease lessens the ability for HDL to reverse transport cholesterol
7) Decreased reverse transport of cholesterol further increases atherosclerotic disease.
