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biology > classification and evolution > Flashcards

classification and evolution Flashcards

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1
Q

what is the taxonomic hierarchy

A
  • Kingdom
  • phylum
  • class
  • order
  • genus
  • species
  • domain
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2
Q

why do scientists classify organisms

A
  • to identify species
  • to predict characteristics
  • to find evolutionary links
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3
Q

what are the 5 Kingdoms

A
  • prokaryotae
  • protocista
  • fungi
  • plantae
  • animalia
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4
Q

describe the Kingdom - Prokaryotae

A
  • unicellular
  • no nucleus or other membrane bound organelles
  • no visible feeding mechanism
  • nutrients absorbed through cell walls
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5
Q

describe the kingdom - protocista

A
  • unicellular
  • a nucleus and other membrane bound organelles
  • some have chloroplasts
  • some a sessile other move my cilia
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6
Q

describe the kingdom - fungi

A
  • both uni or multicellular
  • a nucleus and other membrane bound organelles
  • no chloroplasts or chlorophyll
  • no locomotion
  • made of hyphae
  • store food as glycogen
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7
Q

describe the kingdom - plantae

A
  • multicellular
  • a nucleus and other membrane bound organelles
  • all contain chlorophyll
  • do not move
  • store food as starch
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8
Q

describe the kingdom - animalia

A
  • multicellular
  • a nucleus and membrane bound organelles
  • no chloroplasts
  • move with cilia
  • food stored as starch
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9
Q

what are the recent changes to classification systems?

A
  • as organisms evolve their internal and external features change as does their DNA
  • as DNA determines the proteins that are made
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10
Q

are there now six kingdoms??

A

Domain system

  • Archaea
  • Bacteria
  • Eukarya
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11
Q

describe the domain Eukarya

A

have 80s ribosomes

RNA polymerase contains 12 proteins

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12
Q

describe the domain Archaea

A

have 70s ribosomes

RNA polymerase contains 8- 10 proteins

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13
Q

describe the domain Bacteria

A

have 70s ribosomes

RNA polymerase contains 5 proteins

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14
Q

what is phylogeny

A

evolutionary relationships between organisms

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15
Q

what are the advantages of phylogenetic classification over the linnean system

A
  • phylogeny produces a continuous tree whereas classification requires a taxonomic groups
  • it is not hierarchical therefore different groups are represented to their evolutionary position
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biology (19 decks)

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