Classification and evolution Flashcards
Define classification
The act of arranging organisms into groups based on their similarities and differences.
What is taxonomy
The study of classification
Order of taxonomic groups
Domain, Kingdom, Phylum, Class, Order, Family, Genus, Species
Examples and features of the prokaryoate kingdom
Bacteria
Prokaryotic, unicellular, no nucleus, less than 5 micrometres
Examples and features of the protoctista kingdom
Algae
Eukaryotic cells, usually live in water, single-celled or simple multicellular
Examples and features of the fungi kingdom
Moulds, Yeasts, Mushrooms
Eukaryotic, chitin cell wall, saprotrophic (absorb substances from dead or decaying organisms), single-celled or multicellular organisms
Examples and features of the plantae kingdom
Mosses, ferns, flowering plants
Eukaryotic, multicellular, cell walls made of cellulose, can photosynthesise, contain chlorophyll, autotrophic
Examples and features of the animalia kingdom
Insects, fish, reptiles, birds, mammals
Eukaryotic, multicellular, no cell wall, heterotrophic
What is the binomial system
The naming system used for classification and all organisms are given one internationally accepted scientific name in Latin that has two parts. Which helps to avoid confusion of using common names
What is the genus
The first part of the name with a capital letter
What is the species
The second part of the name with a lower case letter
What is phylogeny
The study of evolutionary history of groups of organisms telling us who is related to whom and how closely
What are common ancestors
What all organisms have evolved from in a family
What is cladistics
Classifying organisms
What evidence shows how similar organisms are
Molecular, embryological, anatomical, behavioural, observational
