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Periodontics > Classification and Clinical Features of Periodontal Disease > Flashcards

Classification and Clinical Features of Periodontal Disease Flashcards

1
Q

What is gingivitis?

A

Reversible inflammatory response of the marginal gingiva

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2
Q

What is periodontitis?

A

Inflammatory condition resulting in irreversible loss of the tooth supporting structures, periodontal ligament and alveolar bone

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3
Q

Describe the appearance of healthy gingiva

A
  • Pink
  • Stippled
  • Knife edged margin
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4
Q

Name 3 things periodontitis can lead to with regards to dentition

A
  1. Mobility
  2. Drifting
  3. Tooth loss
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5
Q

What are 3 types of periodontitis?

A
  • Currently stable
  • Currently in remission
  • Currently unstable
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6
Q

Describe currently stable periodontitis

A
  • BoP <10%
  • PPD < 4mm
  • No BoP at 4mm sites
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7
Q

Describe periodontitis currently in remission

A
  • BoP > 10%
  • PPD < 4mm
  • No BoP at 4mm sites
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8
Q

Describe currently unstable periodontitis

A
  • PPD > 5mm

- BoP at sites < 4mm

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9
Q

Name 6 types of plaque retentive factors

A
  1. Calculus
  2. Poor restoration margins
  3. Tooth position / angulation
  4. Developmental anomalies
  5. Oral appliances
  6. Xerostomia
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10
Q

Name 2 potential causes of xerostomia

A
  • Drug induced

- Head and neck radiation

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11
Q

What are 2 types of calculus?

A
  1. Supragingival

2. Subgingival

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12
Q

Describe the attachment and appearance of supragingival calculus

A
  • Attached to tooth, often lingual surfaces of lower anterior teeth and buccal surfaces of upper first molars
  • Creamy-yellow colour
  • Hard and brittle
  • Easily removed from tooth
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13
Q

Describe the attachment and appearance of subgingival calculus

A
  • Attached to roof surfaces
  • Brown / Black
  • Very hard
  • Tenacious
  • Detected by gentle probing or radiographs
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14
Q

Describe 5 causes of gingival inflammation

A
  1. Sub-gingival crown margins
  2. Poor restorative dentistry
  3. Fixed appliance therapy
  4. Incompetent lip posture
  5. Drug influenced gingival enlargement
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15
Q

Name 2 types of drugs which can cause drug induced gingival enlargement

A
  1. Calcium channel blockers e.g Amlodipine

2. Anticonvulsants e.g Epanutin

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16
Q

Describe the clinical presentation of periodontitis

A
  • Formation of periodontal pockets
  • Bleeding on probing
  • Gingival inflammation
  • Drifting / mobility of teeth
  • Gingival recession
17
Q

What are the 5 components of classification of periodontitis?

A
  1. Pattern
  2. Stage
  3. Grade
  4. Stability
  5. Risk factor profile
18
Q

Describe the classification of periodontitis with regards to pattern

A
  • Localised is below 30% of teeth involved
  • Generalised is over 30% of teeth involved
  • Molar-incisor is only involving molar and incisor teeth
19
Q

What is staging?

A
  • Relates to severity of the disease
  • Radiographic assessment of bone loss
  • Either coronal 1/3, mid 1/3 or apical 1/3
20
Q

Describe the index used for staging periodontitis

A

Stage I - < 15% bone loss
Stage II - Coronal 1/3 of root
Stage III - Mid 1/3 of root
Stage IV - Apical 1/3 of root

21
Q

Describe the classification of periodontitis with regards to grading

A
  • Grading aims to determine susceptibility

- Ratio of % bone loss to age

22
Q

Describe the index used to grade periodontitis

A
  • Grade A (slow) - <0.5
  • Grade B (moderate) - 0.5-1
  • Grade C (rapid) - >1.0
23
Q

Describe the classification of periodontitis with regards to disease status

A
  • Stable (BoP <10%, PPD <4mm, no BoP at 4mm sites)
  • Remission (BoP >10%, PPD <4mm, no BoP at 4mm sites)
  • Unstable (PPD >5mm or PPD <4mm with BoP)
24
Q

Describe the risk factors associated with periodontal disease

A
  • Smoking
  • Poorly-controlled diabetes
  • Family history
  • Poor plaque control
  • Subgingival deposits of calculus
25
Q

Describe the diagnosis of periodontal disease

A
  • Condition (Gingivitis / Periodontitis)
  • Pattern (Generalised / Localized)
  • Stage (I, II, III, IV)
  • Grade (A, B, C)
  • Stability (Stable / Remission / Unstable)
  • Risk Factor Profile (Any risk factors associated)

Periodontics (8 decks)

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