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Biology 2 > Classification and Biodiversity > Flashcards

Classification and Biodiversity Flashcards

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1
Q

Two groups of living organisms?

A

Plants and animals

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2
Q

Subcatogories of plants + 2 examples each

A

Flowering (Daisy, rose, etc)
Non-Flowering (Fern, moss)

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3
Q

Subcategories of animals and 2 examples

A

Vertebrates (Birds, snakes)
Non-vertebrates (Insects, spiders)

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4
Q

What is classification traditionally based off of?

A

Morphological features

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5
Q

What is morphology?

A

Physical features/characteristics

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6
Q

What are the 5 kingdoms?

A

Animals, plants, fungi, single-celled, bacteria

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7
Q

What is a taxon?

A

A tier of classification

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8
Q

What are the taxon?

A

Kingdom, phylum, class, order, family, genus, species.

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9
Q

How are scientific names formulated?

A

Genus species (Ratus ratus)

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10
Q

What’s the point of scientific names?

A

Universal; avoids confusion

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11
Q

Term for when a species changes to fit to their habitat

A

Adaptation

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12
Q

Two types of adaptation

A

Morphological and behavioural

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13
Q

What is a morphological adaptation + example

A

Physical. E.g, fennec foxes (hot climate) large ears radiate heat away from their body

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14
Q

What is a behavioural adaptation + an example

A

To do with how they act. E.g, fennec foxes are nocturnal and burrow to avoid the day’s heat

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15
Q

What do all organisms compete for?

A

Survival

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16
Q

What do animals compete for?

A

Food, territory, and mates

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17
Q

What do plants compete for?

A

Light, water, minerals

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18
Q

What is interspecific competition?

A

Competition between different species

19
Q

What is intraspecific competition?

A

Competition between the same species

20
Q

What is the size of a population changed by?

A

Disease, predators, competition, pollution

21
Q

What is biodiversity a measure of?

A

The variety of species in an area and their number.

22
Q

Why is biodiversity needed?

A

It provides food, potential foods, industrial materials, new medicines, and enhances wellbeing

23
Q

What is biodiversity a measure of?

A

The variety of species in an area and their number

24
Q

Why is biodiversity important?

A

For food, potential foods, industrial materials, new medicines, and human well-being

25
Q

How can biodiversity/endangered species be protected?

A

Convention on International Trade of Endangered Species, Sites of Special Scientific Interest, captive breeding, national parks, seed/sperm banks, and Local Biodiversity Action Plans

26
Q

How is the biodiversity of plants measured?

A

Using quadrats

27
Q

How should quadrats be places

A

Randomly to avoid bias

28
Q

What will a larger sample yield?

A

A more VALID estimate

29
Q

How do you use a quadrat to measure biodiversity in an area?

A
  1. Randomly place quadrat
  2. Count species and their number in the quadrat
  3. Repeat this many times and take a mean of each species of plant from the data
  4. Multiply up to estimate for the whole area.
30
Q

How can plant distribution be measured?

A

Setting up quadrats and a constant distance, shows how plant life changes up the transect

31
Q

How is animal biodiversity not measured?

A

Using quadrats because animals move

32
Q

How is animal biodiversity measured?

A

Capture/recapture

33
Q

Method of capture/recapture

A
  1. Carefully collect organisms found within an area without trampling or leaving litter
  2. Mark these organisms and return to the same area
  3. Leave rime for the organisms to reintegrate
  4. Return and collect organisms again, both marked and unmarked.
  5. Use provided equation to estimate population size.
34
Q

What assumptions are made during capture/recapture?

A

No death, no migration, marking doesn’t affect survival chance

35
Q

What is biological control?

A

The use of one organism to control the population size of another

36
Q

What types of species is used in biological control?

A

Predator species

37
Q

What must we ensure about an a-line species before releasing it?

A

Survives, doesn’t become invasive or a pest

38
Q

Predator

A

An animal that hunts and eats others for food

39
Q

Prey

A

An animal that is eaten by a predator

40
Q
A
41
Q

Pest

A

An animal that eats crop plants

42
Q

Native species

A

An organism that lives in an area

43
Q

Aliens species

A

An organism introduced to an area where it doesn’t normally live

44
Q

Invasive species

A

An alien species that has a negative effect on the native ones

Biology 2 (5 decks)

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