Classical Genetics

Question 1

allele

Answer 1

different forms of a gene

Question 2

autosomal

Answer 2

any chromosome other than a sex chromosome

Question 3

Chargaff’s rules

Answer 3

formulated by Austrian chemist Erwin Chargaff; describes the relationship of amounts of nitrogenous bases found in DNA molecules, specifically adenine(A) pairs with thymine(T) and guanine(G) pairs with cytosine(C); also, the DNA of any cell of any organism has a 1:1 ratio of purine and pyrimidine bases

Question 4

gene

Answer 4

the set of information that controls a trait

Question 5

genotype

Answer 5

the entire genetic constitution of an organism that does not show as outward characteristics

Question 6

law of independent assortment

Answer 6

the transmission of traits, independent of each other, to offspring

Question 7

loci

Answer 7

the specific position of a gene on the surface of a chromosome

Question 8

pedigree

Answer 8

a record of an organism’s lineage (ancestors and descendants) used to determine certain gene patterns or disease inheritance; usually illustrated in a pedigree chart

Question 9

phenotype

Answer 9

the observable, expressed genes of an organism

Question 10

sex-linked

Answer 10

a gene coded on a sex chromosome