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Music History: 1 > Classical Era > Flashcards

Classical Era Flashcards

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1
Q

Absolute music

A

Music without extra musical associations

Generic titles reflecting either tempo, genre, or form

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2
Q

Binary Form

A

AB

A ends with open cadence

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3
Q

Ternary Form

A

ABA

B creates contrast

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4
Q

Chamber music

A

Music for a small ensemble, one player per part. Generally performed without a conductor

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5
Q

Classicism

A

Highest level of excellence

Timeless quality

Symmetry-balance-proportion

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6
Q

Menuet

A

Stylized dance in triple meter, graceful/elegance

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7
Q

Trio

A

Ternary form with contrasting middle

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8
Q

Rondo Form

A

Formal structure used in sonata cycle

ABACA

OR

ABACABA

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9
Q

Sonata cycle

A

Multi-movement, generally in symphony, sonata, and concerto

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10
Q

Sonata form

A

Formal structure, first movement in sonata cycle. Consists of exposition, development, and recapitulation. Also known as allegro-sonata form

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11
Q

Viennese School

A

Musical style forged by Haydn, Mozart, and Beethoven in 18th century Vienna

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12
Q

Haydn birthplace

A

Austria

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13
Q

Hadyn’s birth and death year

A

1732 - 1809

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14
Q

Hadyn’s education

A

Choir boy at St. Stephen’s Cathedral

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15
Q

Instruments Hadyn Played

A

Voice

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16
Q

Hadyn’s patrons

A

Count Ferdinand Von Morzin

Esterházy family

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17
Q

Genres Hadyn cultivated

A

“Father” of symphony

String quartet

Sonata form

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18
Q

Hallmarks of hadyn’s stule

A

Monothematic expositions

Interesting sound effects (pedal point)

Musical playfulness

Dramatic elements

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19
Q

Prince Nicholas Esterházy

A

Hadyn’s patron

20
Q

Exposition

A
  1. Intro
  2. Theme 1 (tonic key)
  3. Bridge (lead away from tonic)
  4. Theme 2 (dominant or relative major key)
  5. Codetta
21
Q

Development

A

Harmonic tension through dissonance

Manipulated thematic material

May present new material

Ends with dominant preparation

22
Q

Recapitulation

A
  1. First theme returns in tonic
  2. Bridge: remains in tonic
  3. 2nd theme (tonic)
  4. Codetta (tonic)
  5. Coda (tonic)
23
Q

Coda

A

Provides a longer concluding section that reaffirms the tonic key

24
Q

Mozart’s birthplace

A

Austria

25
Q

Mozart’s birth and death year

A

1756 - 1791

26
Q

Mozart’s education

A

Learned from his father

27
Q

Instruments Mozart played

A

Harpsichord

Piano

Organ

Violin

28
Q

Mozart’s employment

A

Concert master at courts

29
Q

Mozart’s patrons

A

Hieronymus von Colloredo

Emperor Joseph II

30
Q

Genres Mozart cultivated

A

Viennese classical ideals (elegance/balance/poise)

Sonata form

Three movement concerto

Virtually all classical styles

31
Q

Hallmarks of Mozart’s style

A

Harmonic language

Compelling, realistic characters dramatically and musically

Vocal qualities and melodic lyricism in instruments

32
Q

Lorenzo da Ponte

A

Librettist for Mozart (Don Giovanni)

33
Q

Rocket Theme

A

Rapidly ascending melody outlining an arpeggio

34
Q

Rounded binary

A

||: A :||: B + A :||

35
Q

Beethoven’s birthplace

A

Germany

36
Q

Beethoven’s birth and death year

A

1770 - 1827

37
Q

Beethoven’s education

A

Father

Studied counterpoint and composition with Christian Neefe

38
Q

Instruments Beethoven played

A

Piano

Violin

Organ

39
Q

Beethoven’s employment

A

Organist and violinist in court orchestras

40
Q

Beethoven’s patrons

A

Prince Lobkowitz

Prince Linchnowsky

Count Rasumovsky

41
Q

Genres Beethoven cultivated

A

Developed and expanded classical genres such as: sonata, concerto, and symphony

42
Q

Hallmarks of Beethoven’s style

A

Thematic material

Extreme dynamics

Explosive accents

Incorporated new orchestral instruments

43
Q

Napoleon Bonaparte

A

Beethoven admired Napoleon, dedicated Symphony No. 3 to him until Napoleon declared himself emperor. Beethoven then removed the dedication

44
Q

Cyclical structure

A

Material heard in one movement recurs in later movements

45
Q

Motive

A

Short melodic or rhythmic idea

46
Q

Scherzo and Trio

A

Replaces menuet and trio. Italian for “jest”

Humorous or ironic, and dramatic

47
Q

Theme and variations

A

A melody is stated and then undergoes a series of transformations

Music History: 1 (19 decks)

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