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Music History: 1 > Baroque Era > Flashcards

Baroque Era Flashcards

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1
Q

Basso Continuo

A

Two performers:

  1. Playing noted bass line
  2. Realizing the harmonies (as indicated by the figured bass)
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2
Q

Equal Temperament

A

Method of tuning keyboards. Done by dividing all semitones within an octave equally, therefore creating harmonic equivalents.

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3
Q

Homophonic

A

Accompanying parts in the same rhythm as the melody

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4
Q

Polyphonic

A

Two or more parts, each with its own melody

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5
Q

Terraced Dynamics

A

Change of dynamics abruptly resulting in a stark contrast

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6
Q

The “affections”

A

Emotional states of the soul, one affection generally projected throughout entire composition and movement

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7
Q

Ospedale della Pietà

A

Vivaldi Worked Here

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8
Q

Drone

A

A continuous low humming sound

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9
Q

Ostinato

A

Continually repeated musical phrase or rhythm

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10
Q

Ripieno

A

Refers to the bulk of instrumental parts of a musical ensemble who do not play as soloists, especially in Baroque Music.

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11
Q

Ritornello Form

A

A recurring passage in baroque music

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12
Q

Bach’s birthplace

A

Germany

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13
Q

Bach’s birth and death years

A

1685 - 1750

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14
Q

Bach’s education

A

Greek and Latin theology

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15
Q

Instruments Bach played

A

Violin and organ

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16
Q

Bach’s places of employment

A

Arnstadt

St Thomas school

Collegium Musicum

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17
Q

Bach’s patrons

A

Duke of Weimar

Prince Leopold of Cöthen

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18
Q

Genres Bach cultivated

A

None, he perfected the baroque style

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19
Q

Hallmarks of Bach’s style

A

Influences of international styles

Virtuoso composer

Dedicated all works to the Glory of God

20
Q

Anna Magdalena Wilcke

A

Bach’s second wife

21
Q

Da Capo Aria

A

Very common opera/oratorio

Ternary form

In performances, section A is ornamented

22
Q

French Overature

A

Two parts (1. Slow, homophonic, rhythmic flexibility 2. Fast, imitative style)

Orchestral

23
Q

Homorhythmic texture

A

All voices sing the same rhythm, resulting in blocked chordal textures)

24
Q

Libretto

A

Text of the opera (usually not written by the composer)

25
Q

Melisma

A

A group of notes sung on a single syllable or vowel

26
Q

Recitativo Accompagnato

A

“Accompanied recitative”

Supported by an instrumental ensemble or orchestra

27
Q

Recitativo Secco

A

“Dry recitative”

Speech like

in opera, oratorio, cantata

28
Q

Handel birthplace

A

Germany

29
Q

Handel birth and death years

A

1685 - 1759

30
Q

Handel’s education

A

Law at university of Halle

31
Q

Instruments Handel played

A

Violin and harpsichord

32
Q

Handel’s employment

A

Co-founded The Royal Academy of Music

33
Q

Handel’s patrons

A

Prince Ferdinand de Medici

Prince Francesco

Maria Ruspoki

George Ludwig

Queen Anne

Earl of Burlington

Duke of Chandos

34
Q

Genres Handel Cultivated

A

Cosmopolitan style

35
Q

Hallmarks of Handel’s style

A

Homorhythmic

Basic elements

Dramatically theatrical

Word painting

36
Q

Charles Jennens

A

Assembled scriptures for Handel’s Messiah

37
Q

Counterpoint

A

Two or more melodies combined to create a single harmonic texture

38
Q

Subject

A

Initial statement of main theme in fugue (in tonic key)

39
Q

Real Answer

A

Exact transposition of answer

40
Q

Tonal Answer

A

One or more intervals in the subject are adjusted to accommodate harmony

41
Q

Counter Subject

A

Recurring counter melody

42
Q

Episode

A

A passage in a fugue where neither subject or answer is present

43
Q

Stretto

A

A section at the end of a fugue where successive introductions of theme follow at shorter intervals than before

44
Q

Pedal point

A

A sustained tone, typically in bass, during which at least one foreign (e.g. Dissonant harmony) is sounded in other parts

45
Q

Tierce de Picardie

A

Major chord at the end of the piece (written in a minor key)

Music History: 1 (19 decks)

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