Classical Conditioning Flashcards
What is an elicited behaviour?
(involuntary) behaviour drawn out by certain stimulus
You put your hand on a stive, what is the stimulus and the elicited behaviour in this situation?
Stimulus= hot plate
elicited behaviour= taking your hand away
What is habituation?
Decrease in strength of elicited behaviour through repeated presentations of eliciting stimulus
What are the two types of habituation?
• Long-term (gradual and spaced – slowly in/out)
• Short-term (continuous and narrowly spaced – quickly
in/out)
What is the increase in strength of elicited behaviour through repeated presentations of eliciting stimulus, called?
Sensitisation
• Generalisation common
When would you habituate?
- Low intensity of the elicited stimuli causes habituation
- If there is little adaptive significance of the behaviour you might habituate
When would you sensitise?
- If there is high intensity associated with the stimuli
- If there is a high adaptive significance
What did Ivan Pavlov describe classical conditioning (CC) as?
Classical conditioning is a type of learning whereby a
stimulus acquires the capacity to produce a response
that was previously produced by another (different)
stimulus.
What was Pavolov’s main purpose with CC?
investigated salivation, the initial step in the digestive
process.
• Purpose: to train a dog to salivate to the sound of
a metronome
What type of learning takes place with CC?
Associative
CC is a learning process whereby innate behaviours
may be produced in new situations- These behaviours are ‘reflexive’ or involuntary T/F
Tru
What is an unconditioned response? Give example relating to a dog with meat.
UR-
Response naturally elicited by US
(innate, unlearned)
- Salivating due to meat
What is an unconditioned stimulus? Give example relating to a dog with meat.
US- Stimulus that naturally elicits a
response
- The meat (naturally elicits salivating)
What is the neutral stimulus? Give example relating to a dog with meat.
NS- Does not elicit response
- The bell
What is the conditioned stimulus? Give example relating to a dog with meat.
CS- Initially neutral but now elicits
response due to association with
unconditioned stimulus
- The bell becomes the NS after repeated pairing of food and the bell
What is a conditioned response? Give example relating to a dog with meat.
CR- Similar to UR (usually weaker) but in
response to CS
- Salivating when the bell is heard even though there is no food.
What is an unconditional reflex?
Consists of an unconditional stimulus (US) and an unconditional response
(UR)
• They are largely innate
Salivating is an unconditiona reflex.
What is a conditional reflex?
Consists of a conditional stimulus (CS) and a conditional response (CR)
They tend to be products of experience
• you learn that food dish if yummy so you salivate
Write out the mechanism that occurs before, during and after conditioning.
- Before:
- During:
- After
(on paper)
What is a trial?
Pairing of US and neutral/CS
- i.e. pairing of the meat and the bell is a trial