Classic Presentations Flashcards
Abdominal pain, ascites, hepatomegaly, no JVD
Budd-Chiari Syndrome
Abdominal pain, diarrhea, leukocytosis, recent antibiotic use (clindamycin)
C. Diff
Achilles tendon Xanthoma
Familial hypercholesterolemia (Decreased LDL receptor)
Adrenal Hemorrhage, hyptension, DIC
Waterhouse-Friedrichsen syndrome secondary to Menigicococcal meningitis
Anaphylaxis follow blood transfusion
IgA deficiency
Anterior drawer sign
ACL injury
Arachnodactyly, upward lens dislocation, aortic dissection, hyperflexible joint
Marfan Syndrome (Fibrillin defect)
Athlete with polycythemia
Exogenous EPO use
Back pain, fever, night sweats, possible TB history
Potts Disease
Bilateral acoustic schwannomas
NF2
Bilateral Hilar adenopathy, uveitis
Sarcoidosis (non caseating granulomas)
Black eschar on face of patient with diabetic ketoacidosis
Mucor or Rhizopus (Non septate wide branching hyphae)
Blue sclera
Osteogenesis Imperfecta (type 1 collagen defect)
Bluish line on gingiva
Lead poisoning (Burton line)
Bone pain, bone enlargement, arthritis
Pagets Disease of Bone (Increased osteoblastic and osteoclastic activity, ratio depends on phase)
Bounding pulses, wide pulse pressure, diastolic heart murmur, head bobbing
Aortic regurgitation
Malar rash and raynauds in young female
SLE
Cafe-au-lait spots, lisch nodules (hamartomas of iris), cutaneuous neurofibromas, pheochromocytoma, optic glioma
NF1
Unilateral cafe-au-lait spots, polyostotic fibrous dysplasia, precocious puberty, multiple endocrine abnormalities
McCune-Albright syndrome (Mosaic G-protein signaling mutation)
Calf pseudohypertrophy
Duchennes muscular dystrophy (Frameshift mutation leading to non-functional dystrophin gene)
Cervical lymphadenopathy, desquamating rash, coronary aneurysms, red conjunctivae and tongue, hand-foot changes.
Kawasaki’s disease (treat with IVIG and aspirin, may also present as angina like syndrome in young asian)
“Cherry red spots on macula”
Niemann-Pick (hepatosplenomegaly) or Tay Sacks (no hepatosplenomegaly), may also be central retinal artery occlusion
Chest pain on exertion
Angina (Stable if relieved with rest)
Chest pain, pericardial effusion/friction rub, persistent fever following MI
Dressler syndrome (autoimmune-mediated post-MI fibrinous pericarditis, 2 weeks to several months after acute episode)
Chest pain and ST depression on EKG
Unstable angina (- troponins) or NSTEMI (+ troponins)
Child uses arm to stand up from squatting
Duchennes Muscular Dystrophy (Gowers Sign)
Child with fever develops red rash on face that spreads to body.
Parvovirus B19 (also called erythema infectiosum or 5th disease)
Chorea, dementia, caudate generation
Huntingtons Diseas (CAG repeats)
Chorioretinitis, hydrocephalus, intracranial calcifications
Congenital toxoplasmosis
Chronic exercise intolerance, myalgias, fatigue, painful cramps, myoglobinuria
McArdle disease (skeletal muscle glycogen phosphorylase deficiency)
Cold Intolerance
Hypothyroidism
Conjugate horizontal gaze palsy, horizontal diplopia
Internuclear ophthalmoplegia (damage to MLF)
Continuous “machine like” murmur
Persistent Ductus Arteriosus (close with indomethacin, keep open in RtoL shunt with PGE2)
Cutaneous/dermal edema due to connective tissue deposition
Myxedema (hypothyroidism or graves disease)
Cutaneous flushing, diarrhea, bronchospasm
Carcinoid Syndrome (right sided cardiac valve lesions, increased 5-hiaa, GI carcinoids dont present with symptoms until metastasized beyond liver)
Dark purple skin/mouth nodules in patient with AIDS
Kaposi Sarcoma (HHV-8)
Deep labored breathing, hyperventilation
Kussmaul Respirations (DKA)
Dermatitis, Dementia, Diarrhea
Pellagra (Niacin deficiency)
Dilated cardiomyopathy, edema, alcoholism, malnutrition
Wet Beri Beri (Thiamine deficiency)
Dog or Cat Bite resulting in infection
Pastuerella Multicida (cellulitis at inoculation site, treat with augmentin)
Dry eyes, dry mouth, arthritis
Sjogren Syndrome (autoimmune destruction of endocrine glands, anti ro/la antibodies present)
Dysphagia (web), glossitis, iron deficiency anemia
Plummer Vinson syndrome (may progress to esophogeal SCC)
Elastic skin, hypermobility of joints, increased bleeding
Ehlers-Danlos (Type V collagen defect classically, Type III in vascular type)
Enlarge, hard left supraclivicular node
Virchow node (abdominal metastasis)
Episodic vertigo, tinnitus, hearing loss
Menieres Disease (Increased fluid in vestibular space)
Erythroderma, lymphadenopathy, hepatosplenomegaly, atypical T cells
Mycosis fungiodes (cutaneous T cell lymphoma) or Sezary syndrome (Mycosis fungiodes plus malignant T cells in the blood)
Facial muscle spasm upon tapping
Chvosteks sign (hypocalcemia)
Fat, female, forty, fertile
Cholelithiasis (gallstones)
Fever, chills, headache, myalgia following antibiotic treatment for syphillis
Jarisch-Herxheimer reaction (rapid lysis of spirochetes results in endotoxin like release)