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Anatomy > Class Notes - Intro To Anatomy > Flashcards

Class Notes - Intro To Anatomy Flashcards

1
Q

Anatomy

A

The study of the structure of the body

- determine where things are and what materials make up different components

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2
Q

Physiology

A

Study of the functions of the body

- investigating the chemical and biological processes that make things run

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3
Q

How are Physiology and Anatomy similar?

A

Lots of terminology

- basically a language to be learned

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4
Q

Gross anatomy

A

Anatomy on a large scale (most of lab work)

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5
Q

Histology

A

Higher level anatomy, looking at the structure of the body with a microscope

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6
Q

Light microscope

A

Light is passed through a thin section of sample

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7
Q

Electron microscope

A

Electrons are thrown at an object and are passed through to give a picture

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8
Q

Scanning electron

A

Electrons bounce from surface of object to give an image

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9
Q

Embryology

A

Study of the first 8 week of development, watch how it developed from a fertile egg to specialized parts of the Body

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10
Q

Developmental anatomy

A

study of the body from fertilization to death

- notes all the changes through the lifespan

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11
Q

Imaging or radio graphic anatomy

A

use techniques to visualize parts inside the body without dissection the body
- imaging by MRI, CAT scan…

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12
Q

Pathological anatomy

A

anatomy changes related to damage or disease

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13
Q

What is Hierarchical organization of the body?

A

Chemical -> Cell -> Tissue -> Organ -> Organ system -> Organism

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14
Q

What are the Six life processes

A 
Metabolism 
Responsiveness 
Movement 
Growth 
Differentiation 
Reproduction
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15
Q

Metabolism

A

chemical processes cells must run for survival

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16
Q

Responsiveness

A

maintain homeostasis by response to changing environment

17
Q

Movement

A

most cells move
could be by just part of the cell or the whole cell
(cilia vs flagellum?)

18
Q

Growth

A

increase of cell size, amount of cells, or increased of extra cellular material

19
Q

Differentiation

A

Of the cell types (they become different)

- specialization

20
Q

Reproduction

A

Form new cells

21
Q

Anatomical position

A

feet shoulder width apart and palms facing forward (thumbs outward)
• go over regional terms to reference specific body areas

22
Q

What does embryology study?

A
  • the development of body tissue and organs

- during the first 8 weeks of development, post conception, ends when organ formation is completed

23
Q

Events of embryology during week 1

A

Day 5 - blastocyst reached uterus
Day 6 - blastocyst develops into inner cell mass and trophoblast
Day 7 - implantation begins

24
Q

Events of embryology during week 2

A

Day 9 - the inner cell mass divides into epiblast and then turns into the amniotic sac
- hypoblast turns into the yolk sac
Day 11 - implantation complete; bilaminar embryonic disk

25
Q

Events of embryology during week 3

A

Day 14/15
- primitive streak forms (on doral epiblast)
- epiblast cells migrate inward to begin the process of gastrulation
- 1st cells become endoderm (continuous with hypoblast, becomes complete)
Day 16
- invagination continues
- mesoderm forms
- notochord develops
Remaining epiblast cells become ectoderm

26
Q

What are the 3 germ layers

A

Ectoderm
Mesoderm
Endoderm

27
Q

Ectoderm develops into

A

Skin, nervous system

28
Q

Mesoderm develops into

A

Intervertebral discs

  • intervertebral discs
  • vertebrae and ribs
  • trunk and limb muscles
  • dermis
  • kidneys
  • gonads
  • non epithelial parts of digestive and respiratory tracts
  • digestive glands
29
Q

Endoderm develops into

A

Lining of digestive and respiratory tracts; digestive glands

30
Q

What is a cell

A
  • Functional unit of life (smallest indivisible unit of body to operate on its own)
  • Site of chemical reactions necessary for life processes
31
Q

What are the primary compartments of the cell

A

Plasma membrane
Nucleus
Cytoplasm

Anatomy (30 decks)

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