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Physics - MCAT > Class Four > Flashcards

Class Four Flashcards

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1
Q

value of elementary charge

A

e = 1.6 x 10-19 C

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2
Q

what does it mean when charge is quantized

A

charge on an object can only be a whole number of e’s

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3
Q

charge is quantized formula

A

q = n (+/- e)

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4
Q

Coulomb’s law

A
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5
Q

Coulomb’s constant

A

9 x 109 N.m2/C2

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6
Q

principle of superposition

A

adding the resulting forces

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7
Q

source charges

A

the charges that create an electric field

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8
Q

electric field formula

A

E = k(Q/r2)

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9
Q

electric force & field formula

A

F = qE

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10
Q

conductors

A

contains charges that are free to roam throughout material

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11
Q

most important conductors

A

metals

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12
Q

insulators

A

don’t have free charges → electrons are tightly bound to their atoms

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13
Q

if an object moves with nature..

A

its potential energy decreases

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14
Q

if an object moves against nature..

A

its potential energy increases

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15
Q

electric potential formula

A

= k (Q/r)

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16
Q

positive charges want to move to regions of..

A

lower potential

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17
Q

negative charges want to move to regions of..

A

higher potential

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18
Q

what causes a net movement of charge

A

electrons’ drift velocity

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19
Q

current formula

A

I = Q / time

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20
Q

what is current

A

charge over time

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21
Q

what creates a current

A

voltage

22
Q

resistance formula

A

R = V / I

voltage / resulting current

23
Q

resistance and resistivity formula

A

R = p (L/A)

p = intrinsic resistivity

L = length

A = area

24
Q

Ohm’s law

A

V = IR

voltage = current x resistance

25
Q

what is a resistor

A

component in an electric circuit that has a specific + known resistance

26
Q

when are resistors in series

A

if they follow eachother along a single connection in a circuit

27
Q

when are resistors in parallel

A

when they provide alternative routes from one point in a circuit to another

28
Q

how do we combine resistors in series

A

we add them together

29
Q

how do we combine resistors in parallel

A

take the product of the resistors

and then divide it by the sum

R1R2 / R1 + R2

30
Q

job of a voltage source

A

maintain a potential difference between terminals

31
Q

positive terminal

A

longer line → higher potential

32
Q

negative terminal

A

shorter line → lower potential

33
Q

resistors in series always share the same..

A

current

34
Q

resistors in parallel always share the same..

A

voltage

35
Q

Kirchhoff’s law

A

at a junction in an electrical circuit, the sum of currents flowing into the junction is equal to the sum of currents flowing out of the junction

36
Q

power dissipated by a resistor: joule heating law

A

P = I2R

37
Q

what do voltmeters do

A

measure the potential differences between 2 points in a circuit

38
Q

what do ammeters do

A

measure the current through a particular point in the circuit

39
Q

what is a capacitor

A

a pair of conductors that can hold equal but opposite charges

40
Q

charge on a capacitor formula

A

Q = CV

charge on capacitor = proportionality constant x potential diff between the plates

41
Q

what is capacitance dependent on

A

sizes of the plates and how far apart they are

42
Q

capacitance formula

A

C = e (A/d)

e = permittivity of free space (constant)

A = area

d = diameter

43
Q

2 purposes of a parallel plate capacitor

A

create a uniform electric field

store electrical potential energy

44
Q

Ed’s formula

A

V = Ed

used with parallel plate capacitor

45
Q

feature of a parallel plate capacitor

A

electric field is the same magnitude at every point between the plates

46
Q

electrical PE stored in a capacitor formula

A

PE = ½QV

47
Q

what are dielectrics

A

insulating material that goes in-between capacitance plates

48
Q

purpose of dielectrics (2)

A

keeps plates from touching

increases capacitance

49
Q

what happens when you disconnect the battery and insert dielectric (4)

A

C increases by a factor of K

Q stays the same

V decreases by a factor of K

E decreases by a factor of K

50
Q

what happens when you keep the battery connected and insert dielectric (4)

A

C increases by a factor of K

Q increases by a factor of K

V and E stays the same

51
Q

if charge is held constant and capacitance increases,

A

PE decreases

52
Q

sif voltage is held constant and capacitance increases..

A

PE increases

Physics - MCAT (6 decks)

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