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Animal Diversity > Class Diapsids - Testudine + Lepidosaurs > Flashcards

Class Diapsids - Testudine + Lepidosaurs Flashcards

(53 cards)

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1
Q

when did diapsids diversifyy

A

late carboniferous

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2
Q

what are the order and 2 superorders of class testudines of the amniotes

A 
order testudine
superorder lepidosauria (Squmata + sphenodonta)
superorder archosauria (crocodilia + dinos)
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3
Q

what are the two orders under the lepidosaurs

A

squamata

sphenodonta

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4
Q

what are the two orders under archosauria

A

crocodilia

dinos

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5
Q

when did turtles evolve

A

triassic

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6
Q

what are two main components of turtle shells

A

dorsal carapce and ventral plastron

outer layer of keratin + inner layer of bone

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7
Q

do turtles have teeth

A

nope they have a keratinized beak

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8
Q

the bony layer in a turtle shell is the fusion of…

A

ribs + vertebrae

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9
Q

limb girdles located deep in the ribs of turtle shells is a unique feature to vertebrates.

A

true, just a cool fact I thought I’d throw in here

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10
Q

turtle can’t expand chest to breathe so instead they do what

A

use abdominal + pectoral muscles as DIAPHRAGM

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11
Q

explain how turtles inhale and exhale

A

inhale - contract limb flank muscles, increase abdominal cavity volume

exhale - draw back shoulder girdle to compress viscera

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12
Q

are turtle oviparous, viviparous or ovoviviparoud

A

oviparous w internal fertilization

lay eggs and bury in ground

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13
Q

temp determines turtle sex - what does hot temp make and what do colder temps makeq

A

hot - females >:-)

cold - males

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14
Q

there are 4 species of turtle in NS: The snapper, eastern painted turtle, blanding’s turtle, wood turtle. Which one is the largest, which is at rish, which is the most common

A

snapper - biggest

eastern painted turtle - most common

wood turtle and blanding turtle - at risk

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15
Q

classify lizards and snakes from class to order

A

class reptilia, subclass diapsida, superorder lepidosauria, order squamata

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16
Q

the fossils of order squamata ((lizards and snakes, etc) radiated from what period

A

radiated in cretaceous

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17
Q

Order Squamata has a diapsid skull… why

A

engulfing lagrer prey

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18
Q

Squamata skulls are important for the evolution of what kind of skull (remember this type of skull is unique to squamates)

A

kinetic skulls w movable joints

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19
Q

squamates lost a bone in what regions of the skull that helped develop their kinetic skul

A

ventral and posterior regions of temporal opening

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20
Q

skull mobility in snakes led to their diversification. one feature is they can lift their snout.. how do they do this

A

joints in palate + roof of skull that help tilt upwards

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21
Q

lizards belong to what suborder of order squamata

A

suborder sauria

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22
Q

how are the eyes of lizards and snakes different

Study These Flashcards
A

lizards = moveabl eyelids
snakes - transparent covering

day active lizards - lots of cones for colour
noctural - lots of rods

23
Q

how do the ears of snakes and lizards differ

Study These Flashcards
A

snakes - no external ear opening

lizards - do have external ear opening

24
Q

are lizards endo or ectothermic

Study These Flashcards
A

ectothermic
regulate BT w outside environment temp
uses less energy

25
geckos, iguanans, monitors, chameleons, grass lizards, worm lizards... classify these guys from class to sub order
``` class reptilia Subclass Diapsida Superorder lepidosauria order squmata suborder sauria ```
26
I'm small, agile, nocturnal. I have adhesivve toepads so I can walk on ceilings, and I makde vocal signals to announce my territory and shoo away the males.. what kind of squamate, sub order sauria lizards am I
gecko
27
I have a tongue than can extend sometime longer than the length of my body, I'm an aboreal lizards of Africa + Madagascar, I can change colour with the environment and my hands + limbs are made for grasping branches+anchoring... what kind of squamte lizard am I
chameleon
28
what has no visible neck, smooth shiny scales, small legs (sometime don't even have legs), longer toes mean I'm more arboreal, and if I lost my tail its no biggie I can just made a new one... what kind of squamate lizard am I
skink
29
the only venomous lizards of order squamata, suborder sauria are the...
monitor lizards | secrete venom in lower jaw
30
Give the characterisitcs of a monitor lizards
venomous largest living lizards, carnivores, active hunters thought to be closely related to snakes
31
the Komodo dragon is from the indonesian islands, can be 3m long and up to 70 kg in weight, its a giant lizards on an island... what theory is behind their largeness and in charge-ness
island gigantism - no other large carnivores competing on islands like the extinct moa bird example
32
are there lizards in NS
nope
33
what are the types of snakes in NS
maritime garter snake (daytime) eastern smooth green snakes (sing when warm, daytime) northern redbelly snake + northern ring snakes (hide under rocks) northern ribbon snakes
34
what are some key features of snakes
``` limbless no eyelids many ribs no external ears chemical sense instead of hearing + vision ```
35
who did snakes evolve from
burrowing lizards in cretaceous
36
how do snakes eat without limbs
venom, teeth, cracy skull, contriction swallow whole prey
37
most snakes have poor vision... but there's a type of snake that has highly developped vision.. what type of snake is this
arboreal snakes in tropics
38
how has a snakes skull allowed them to eat larger prey
bones not all connected - kinetic skull two 1/2 of lower jaw loosely joined so they can spread apart can breathe while swallowing because of tracheal opening
39
snakes don't have ears.. instead they fell the...
vibration in the ground
40
snakes use chemical senses to hunt prey. What are the pit organs
nerve ending sensitive to heat - ex pythons + rattle can sense vulneable body parts based on heat, IF sensing Jacobson's organ - pits on roof mouth w olfacory epithelium + tongue picks up scent
41
what snake has the deadliest, most toxic venom, where only 0.025 mg can kill up to 1000 men...
Inland Taipan bites are rare
42
which deadly snakes has the largest number of deaths than all other snakes combines
Saw scaled viper
43
which snakes use constriction to cause asphyxiation in their prey (they can't inhale)
Boa constricotr, anacondas, pythons
44
just like all the amniotes, snakes have what kind of fertilization
internal fertilziation
45
some snakes exhibit parental care... what snakes do this
king cobra makes nests | pythons coil around eggs
46
are snakes ovoviviparous, viviparoud or oviparous?
some ovoviviparoud - vipers some fully viviparous boa constrictors, anacondas
47
is a tuatara a lizard
no, but a close relative its part of order sphenodonta of the lepidosauria
48
who is considered a living fossil becuase its the only family member that survived out of rhynococephalid reptiles after the mesozoic extinction event
tuataras
49
what shows the tuataras slow evolution rate
its diapsid skull is exactly the same as it was 200 mya
50
list some features of the tuataras
``` no external ears (lizard like, but still not a lizard) males bigger than females slow growing diapsid skull periatal eye / pineal eyee from new Zealand ```
51
where are tuataras found? (habitat)
forest + pasture near seabird colonies coastal broad leaf forest share burrows
52
what are the orders (and suborders) in the superorder lepidosauria
super order lepidosauria order squamata sub order sauria (lizards) ``` order sphenodonta (tuatara) ```
53
can you draw out the branches of the reptilian line
``` class reptilia subclass diapsida order testudines superorder lepidosauira (order squmata (suborder sauria) and order sphenodonta) superorder archosauria (order crocodilian and dinos!) ```

Animal Diversity (9 decks)

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