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microbiology 2100 > class #7- more bacterial diseases > Flashcards

class #7- more bacterial diseases Flashcards

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Biology 101 flashcards
1
Q

what is virulence

A

the ability to cause damage to host cell

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2
Q

what is a virulence factor

A

how bacteria reach eukaryotic cell to help cause disease

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3
Q

what are the 5 bacterias studied in this lecture

A

Listeria monocytogenes
Staphylococcus aureus
Yersinia pestis
Escherichia coli
Salmonella typhi

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4
Q

what are the characteristics of Yersinia pestis

A

gram negative rod
causes the plague
spread through zoonosis

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5
Q

what are the 2 types of Yersinia pestis

A

Bubonic plague and Pneumonic plague

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6
Q

what is the Bubonic plague

A

acquired from animals (flea)
Y. pestis moves into the lymph nodes and results in necrosis and “buboes”

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7
Q

what happens when someone gets the Bubonic plague

A

death of tissue in hands, turn black

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8
Q

what is the Pneumonic plague

A

person-person transmission (inhalation)
replicates in lungs

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9
Q

what are the symptoms of the pneumonic plague

A

chest pain, fever, cough

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10
Q

what is the black death

A

outbreak of Y. pestis in 1300s in Europe (pandemic of 50 million dead)

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11
Q

what are the characteristics of Listeria monocytogenes

A

gram positive rod
causes Listeriosis
a big issue in the food industry b/c it can grow at 4 degrees celsius

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12
Q

how is Listeria monocytogenes spread

A

by contaminated food: meats, unpasteruized cheeses

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13
Q

who is most at risk for Listeriosis

A

pregnant women, elderly, immunocompromised

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14
Q
A
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15
Q
A
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16
Q

how does Listeria enter the epithelium

A

listeria are taken up into epithelial cells inside a phagocytic vacuole

17
Q

what happens once listeria is in a cell

A

they escape the vacuole using lipase (Listeriolysin-O)
then they use ActA to polymerize actin to move around cell

18
Q

what is Escherichia coli

A

E. coli, gram-negative bacteria

19
Q

where are E.coli virulence factors located

A

on pathogenicity islands within their genome

20
Q

what is the most common E. coli strain

A

O:157 serotype

21
Q

What is a pathogenicity island

A

large pieces of DNA that encode virulence factors

22
Q

what is E. coli O:157

A

associated with cattle, they carry O:157 but don’t get sick

23
Q

E.coli O:157 symptoms

A

bloody diarrhea and Hemolytic Uremic Syndrome (HUS)

24
Q

E.coli O:157 virulence?

A

T3SS and Shiga Toxin (AB toxin)

25
Q

what is the role of the Shiga Toxin (AB toxin)

A

the receptor for B subunit is on kidney cells
A subunit inactivates ribosomes
=results in reduced anemia and kidney failure

26
Q

how does E. coli O:157 spread

A

associated initially with ground beef
spreading maure on crops now means O:157 outbreaks can happen in green leafy veggies

27
Q

what are the food safety regulations

A

keep food out of danger zone: 4.4 and 60 C
cook beef to internal temp 60F/71.1C

28
Q

what are the characteristics of Staphylococcus aureus

A

gram positive bacteria on skin, respiratory tract and vagina

29
Q

what are some common diseases from S. aureus

A

food poisoning
skin infections
toxic shock syndrome

30
Q

what are some characteristics of S. aureus food poisoning

A

probs the most common FP
it is intoxication
causes vomiting an diarrhea

31
Q

what is the virulence factor of S. aureus food poisoning

A

enterotoxin

32
Q

what is the SpA protein

A

it binds to Fc region of antibodies and prevents phagocytosis
binds to Bcell receptors and causes cell death

33
Q

what are some common skin infections caused by S. aureus

A

Impetigo: crusty lesions on face
Carbuncle: abcesses

34
Q

what is TSS

A

when absorbant tampons create an environment with increased oxygen levels , results in TSST1

35
Q

symptoms of TSS

A

high fever
low blood pressure
rash

36
Q

what are some characteristics of Salmonella typhi

A

“typhoid fever”
gram negative
aquired from contaminated food or water

37
Q

what is the virulence of Salmonella typhi

A

T3SS and AB toxin

38
Q

what does S. typhi result in

A

a severe systemic disease
-fever, chills, headache, muscle pain

39
Q

what are carriers of S. typhi

A

when people recover from Typhoid but continue to be colonized, it can persist within the gall bladder

microbiology 2100 (7 decks)

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