Class 6 Flashcards
What was the first imperial war that had colonial involvement?
The Nine years wars (Augsburg war)
t or f: Nine year war is a breaking point in colonies involvement in imperial wars.
True, to this point, imperial doesn’t = war in colonies
Who’s side is more numerous in the 9 years war? in the colonies
The British (10 to 1)
Who was the French most imp allies?
Indigenous allies and their distinct type of warfare
T or F: 13 colonies had a more organized structure than New France
False, it’s vice-versa
What expedition did the English launch?
Montreal and Quebec
How does the 9 years war end?
The succession on William the iii and his heirs is cemented. Britain is set as a global power that can compete against France
What provokes que War of Spanish Succession?
The sovereign of Spain has no heir and will die because of inbreeding. Who will have access to Spain and its colonies?
How is the treaty of Utrecht important for colonial ruling?
Britain gains Newfoundland, Acadia, Hudson Bay and other French territories
What does Britain’s acquisition of the Asiento imply?
Britain now has the monopoly of slave trade in the Caribbeans
What does the English-indigenous conflict in Main and Acadia reveals? (Father Rale’s war)
The importance of anti-catholicism in rallying ENglish forces against France
What’s the spanish name of the War of Jenkin’s ear?
War of the asientos
What’s the Family compact? (1733)
France and Spain securing their alliance
Which monarch’s succession is involved in the War of the Jenkin’s ear?
Maria Teresa, Austrian monarch
Of what consists the treaty of Aix-la-Chapelle - fin guerre de succession d’Autriche
France gives away India in order to keep Louisbourg
George Washington came from …
Virginia
What war is considered as the first global war?
The seven years war
What was the first big colonial Congress?
Albany Congress (1754)
What was the purpose of the Albany Congress?
formulate the defence of the colonies
T or F: The colonies accept the Albany Plan of Union that would institute a pan-colonial parliament
False, they all wanted to keep their independence
What was the result of Braddock’s expedition to New France and the Battle of Monongahela?
The French knew of the expedition
Massacre for the British (80% casualties)
Both sides increased their forces
Who did Britain ally with during the 7 years war?
Prussia (the most powerful german state)
France allies with … (7 years war)
Austria (long lasted enemies!)
What was France strategy in the 7 years war?
Win the war in Europe and regain the colonies after
T or F: Britain is dominant in the early years of the war
False, France is. (due to alliance with first nations)
T or F: British and Cherokee were allies
False, the Cherokee didn’t feel like allies, it resulted in a war between them
Where are the Acadian deported?
Back to France, to the Falkland islands, etc. (10 000 acadians)
What was Pitt’s strategy in the global 7 years war?
Conquest of India
Naval Supremacy
Partnering with colonial assemblies
Conquest of French and Spanish possessions in West Indies Pacific and Africa
T or F: Battle of Plaines d’Abraham was a easy english win
False, it was a luchy win!
What did Pontiac try to do?
Unite the different first nations groups against the english. It was first succesful
What hindered Pontiac projects?
Long-term Wars with first nations are difficult, they dont share the same goals and will loose interest in fighting with each other
What the economic impact of the 7 years war?
Record debt in Britain
Colonial merchant class grows in wealth and power
Britain is reliant in colonial trade
Why do the colonies want their relationship with the metropole to change?
Because they’ve developed their own consciousness (growth in population and economy)
What was the purpose of the Royal Proclamation of 1763?
Regulate Western expansion of the colonies. They can no longer be purchased by colonists
What is the Sugar act
Act that meant to boost imports from the British colonies
What does the Currency Act imply?
The colonies were prohibited to furnish their own paper currency, because the metropole was short on cash
What was the result of the acts on English colonies?
Committees in Colonies wanted to limit the reforms
T or F: Aftert he 7 years at was the first time Britain wanted to levy direct taxes in the colonies
True
What event marks a shift where colonies/metropole see each other as political opponents?
Passage of the Stamp act in 1765
What was the stamp act?
The act required the colonists to pay a tax, represented by a stamp, on various forms of papers, documents, and playing cards
What the crux of the debate between colonial and metropole government
Colonies were founded on an older (pre 1688 Glorious Rev) conception of the British constitution
- Therefore, colonies did not agree with parliamentary supremacy
What was the people’s reaction to the Stamp Act?
Creation of protest groups
civil disobedience and violence agains courts, customs officials, and gov buildings
Stamp Act Congress
etc.
T or F: the West indies and Maritimes protested equally because of the Stamp Act
False, there was far less unrest than in the 13 colonies
T or F: For the first time during the protests against Stamp Act, the colonies felt like their interests were more aligned
True
What were the colonies agreement regarding the Stamp Act
They would organize a petition for the King
The reserved themselves the right of levying taxes in the colonies
Examples of the Townshend acts
Revenue act
Commissioners of Custom Act
Vice-admiralty court Act
Date of the Boston massacre?
1770
What was the tea act?
The British government granted the East indian company a monopoly on the importation and sale of tea in the colonies.
T or F: The tea act and the Boston Tea party caused a permanent break between the colonies and Britain
True
What ideological argument to turn against British gov came up in the colonies?
The idea that liberty is fragile (opposed to power) and that the Parliament threatens the colonies liberty
