Class 3: Other Complications of Pregnancy Flashcards
1
Q
what is hyperemesis gravidarum
A
- rare disorder characterized by severe and persistent nausea and vomiting during pregnancy that may necessitate hospitalization
1
Q
With hyperemesis gravidarum, vomiting becomes excessive enough to cause: (4)
A
- weight loss
- electrolyte imbalance
- nutritional deficiencies
- ketonuria
2
Q
what are main concerns w hyperemesis gravidarum r/t pregnant person (5)
A
- esophageal rupture
- pneumomediastinum
- vitamin K deficiency
- thiamine deficiency
- Wernicke encephalopathy
3
Q
what are main concerns w hyperemesis gravidarum r/t the fetus (3)
A
- small for gestational age
- low birth weight
- born prematurely
4
Q
what are clinical manifestations of hyperemesis gravidarum (7)
A
- protracted vomiting
- retching
- severe dehydration
- weight loss
- symptoms of dehydration –> low BP, increased HR, poor skin turgor
- unable to keep down clear fluids by mouth
- electrolyte imbalances
5
Q
describe assessment of hyperemesis gravidarum (9)
A
- the frequency, severity, and duration of vomit episodes
- assess for abdominal pain
- assess for other GI symptoms
- assess for sleep patterns and disruption due to vomitting
- weight gain or loss
- VS
- urine dipstick for ketonuria
- electrolytes
- other lab tests
6
Q
what is included in nursing care for hyperemesis gravidarum (7)
A
- if can manage symptoms w clear fluids, gradually increase diet with small, bland meals
- avoid odors, tastes, or other activities that trigger nausea
- IV therapy for correction of fluid & electrolyte imbalances
- meds
- nutrition supplements
- assess I&O
- observe for complications
7
Q
what meds are used in mngmt of hyperemesis gravidarum (3)
A
- multivitamins
- antiemetics
- antacids
8
Q
what complications may occur w hyperemesis gravidarum (3)
A
- metabolic acidosis
- jaundice
- hemorrhage
9
Q
what is asymptomatic bacteriuria
A
- persistent presence of bacteria within the urinary tract of pts who have no symptoms
10
Q
describe screening for asymptomatic bacteriuria
A
- recommended that all prenatal pts be screened for it at their 1st prenatal visit
11
Q
describe treatment for asymptomatic bacteriuria
A
- antibiotics
12
Q
what is cystitis
A
- bladder infection
13
Q
what is cystitis characterized by (5)
A
- dysuria
- freq and urgency
- lower abdominal or suprapubic pain
- WBC and bacteria in urine
- symptoms usually confined to the bladder
14
Q
describe treatment of cystits
A
- 3-day course of abx
