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CAPS 1 - Sensory Development of Wines > Class 2: Cool Climate White Wines > Flashcards

Class 2: Cool Climate White Wines Flashcards

HOST 9112 Sensory Development and Wine Styles

1
Q

Sugar levels ____ as grapes ripen

A

Increases

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2
Q

What is the relationship between sugar and acid during ripening?

A

Sugar increases, acid decreases.

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3
Q

Flavour development happens at the same rate as sugar developement. True or false?

A

False

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4
Q

What are the structural standouts of gewürztraminer?

A

1.High aromatic intensity
2. Rose, orange oil, lavender, lychee ROLL)
2. Typically shows botrytis (CHaMG)
3. Lower acid
4. Substantial phenolic phenolic bitterness (tannin)
5. Can have higher alcohol

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5
Q

Define Rieslings structural standouts.

A
  1. Highly floral (white flowers)
  2. High aromatic intensity
  3. Bit of RS, even when dry
  4. Botrytis common (CHaMG)
  5. High acids
  6. Tannins - no phenolic bitterness
  7. Lower alcohol
  8. Light body
  9. TDN
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6
Q

Name 2 esters of Riesling.

A
  1. White flowers
  2. Apple
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7
Q

What is the name of the chemical compound that gives riesling a kerosene aroma?

A

Trimethyl di-hydro-napthalene (TDN)

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8
Q

What are the structural standouts of Grüner Veltliner?

A
  1. May show Botrytis (CHaMG)
  2. Elevated acid
  3. Can reach elevated alcohol
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9
Q

Name 3 thiols of Grüner Veltliner.

A
  1. Grapefruit
  2. Gooseberry
  3. Passion fruit.
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10
Q

Name 6 rotundones of Grüner Veltliner.

A

TROMB P

  1. Peppercorn
  2. Basil
  3. Marjoram
  4. Oregano
  5. Thyme
  6. Rosemary
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11
Q

Melon de Bourgogne is a particulary neutral wine. How might it be defined?

A

Almost by more what’s NOT there than by what is.

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12
Q

What are the main aromas and flavours of Melon de Bourgogne.

A

SLAP BReAD

Green fruit: green apple, pear
Citrus: lime
Minerality: salinity

Secondary: bread dough

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13
Q

MLC converts what to what?

A

Malic acid to lactic acid.

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14
Q

What is the natural form of acid in grapes?

A

Tartaric, malic, lactic and citric.

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15
Q

Fermentation converts to sugar into what?

A

Alcohol, carbon dioxide and heat.

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16
Q

What is the Winkler Index?

A

Most commonly used framework for understanding the climate of a wine region.

16
Q

How many Winkler regions are there

A

5

17
Q

What 2 factors can cause a cool climate? Give examples of countries that are impacted by each factor.

A

Latitude
Mosel, Germany
Central Otago, NZ

Topography
Mountains
Elevation
Landlocked (Umbria)
Distance from coast (Riberal del Duero, Central Vineyards)

18
Q

What 4 features can moderate a cool climate?

A
  1. Bodies of water (rivers, inland seas, large lakes)
  2. Elevation / aspect (planting above fog line)
  3. Mountains (rainshadows, protection from winds)
  4. Long days with high number of daylight hours
19
Q

List 4 cool climate regions in France

A

CLAB
1. Champagne
2. Loire
3. Alsace
4. Burgundy

20
Q

What varietals are grown the Pays Nantais?

A

Melon de Bourgogne

21
Q

What varietals are grown in Anjou-Saumur?

A
  1. Chenin Blanc
  2. Cabernet Franc
22
Q

What varietals are grown in Touraine?

A
  1. Chenin Blanc
  2. Sauvgignon Blanc
  3. Cabernet Franc
23
Q

What varietals are grown in the Central Loire?

A
  1. Sauvignon Blanc
  2. Gamay
  3. Pinot Noir
24
Q

What are the 5 main regions of Champagne?

A
  1. Cotes de Bar
  2. Montage de Reims
  3. Cote de Blancs
  4. Valley de la Marne
  5. Cote de Sezanne
25
Q

How can a winemaker respond to cool climate pressures in the vineyard?

A
  1. Training: Train vines higher or lower, pruning techniques, burying canes
  2. Vineyard management: aspect, row orientation
  3. Canopy management: green harvesting, leaf pulling
  4. Harvest: long hang time, late harvest
26
Q

How can a winemaker respond to cool climate pressures in the winery?

A
  1. Drying grapes, passito winemaking
  2. Chaptalization
  3. Lees ageing, batonnage
  4. RS in the final wine
  5. Sparkling style using various methods
27
Q

Name 2 regions that are protected by rain shadows.

A

Alsace (Vosges) and Okanagan (Rockies)

28
Q

Why do grape growers want to extend the growing season as much as possible?

A

To allow flavour development to catch up to sugar development.

29
Q

What is a better alternative name to “sugar” in grapes.

A

“Natural sugars”

30
Q

What does “luminosity” mean?

A

The amount of light in a vineyard. The Mosel is considered to have high luminosity because of all of the light (the river, the sun, the aspect, angle)

31
Q

Why do Napa wines cost more than wines from the Mosel?

A

Startup / overhead costs in Mosel were paid off centuries ago. Napa vineyards are still paying off for their start-up investment.

CAPS 1 - Sensory Development of Wines (13 decks)

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