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Anatomy Alimentary System > Class 2 > Flashcards

Class 2 Flashcards

1
Q

What are the 2 subdivisions of the peritoneum

A

Parietal and Visceral

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2
Q

Define the peritoneal cavity

A

Within the abdominal cavity and continue into the pelvic cavity

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3
Q

In term of sacs what are the 2 major divisions of the peritoneal cavity

A 
Greater sac
Lesser sac (omental bursa)
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4
Q

Through which passage do these two sacs communicate

A

Omental Foramen/Epiploic Foramen

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5
Q

Name 4 retroperitoneal organs

A

Kidneys
Abdominal aorta
IVC
Rectum

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6
Q

Name 4 Intraperitoneal organs

A

Stomach
Spleen
Appendix
Liver, gallbladder

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7
Q

What is preset in the peritoneal cavity

A

Peritoneal fluid

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8
Q

Which layer of the peritoneum is more sensitive to pressure, pain, heat & cold

A

Parietal

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9
Q

What are the attachments of the greater omentum

A

Greater curvature of the stomach to the transverse colon

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10
Q

What are the attachments of the lesser omentum

A

Liver to stomach (heptogastric)

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11
Q

The parietal peritoneum lining is innervated by

A

The lower 6 thoracic nerves and L1- pain is somatic

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12
Q

The visceral peritoneum is innervated by

A

autonomic nerves- pain is dull and often referred and poor localised

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13
Q

Abdominal wall muscles

A

Quadratus lumborum
Transversus abdomini
Psoas Major/Minor

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14
Q

Nerves of the abdominal wall

A

Obrator nerve
Sciatic Nerve
Genital
Femoral

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15
Q

What are the 3 major openings in the diaphragm

A

IVC, Oesophagus, Aorta

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16
Q

At what vertebral level does the IVC occur

A

T8

17
Q

At what vertebral level does the oesophagus occur

A

T10

18
Q

At what vertebral level does the Aorta occur

A

T12

19
Q

What are the 3 main branches of the abdominal aorta which supplies blood to the gut tube

A

Celiac, inferior mesenteric, superior mesenteric

20
Q

How is the inferior vena cava formed in the abdomen

A

By the joining of the left and right common iliac veins

21
Q

At what vertebral levels do these 3 midline branches occur

A

T12-Celiac
L3- Inferior
L1-Superior

22
Q

Foregut structures

A

Oesophagus, spleen, stomach, liver, gall bladder, pancreas, first part of duodenum

23
Q

Midgut Structures

A

Duodenum, jejunum, ileum, appendix, ascending colon, caecum

24
Q

Hindgut Structures

A

Distal transverse colon, descending colon, sigmoid colon, rectum, anal canal

25
Q

Name additional foregut and midgut derived organs which are not part of the gut tube

A

Lung and Trachea

26
Q

Venous drainage of gut

A

hepatic portal vein
Splenic vein
Superior mesenteric vein
Inferior mesenteric vein

27
Q

What is a portal system

A

System of blood vessels that begins and ends in capillaries

28
Q

What are the 4 sites of portocaval anastomosis in the body

A

Distal oesophagus
Rectal
Paraumbilical and small epigastric
Colic (portal) and retroperitoneal

29
Q

What is the clinical significance of these portocaval anastomoses

A

Provide collateral circulation in cases of obstruction in the hepatic portal vein of the liver

30
Q

Sympathetic nerve supply of abdominal viscera

A

Abdominopelvic splanchnic nerves
Prevertebral sympathetic ganglia
Abdominal aortic plexus

31
Q

Parasympathetic nerve supply of abdominal viscera

A

Anterior and posterior vagal trunks (vagus nerve-10th cranial nerve)
pelvic splanchnic nerves (S2,S3 and S4)

32
Q

What effect of vagotomy on gastric secretion

A

Inhibitory

33
Q

Where do the kidneys lie (vertebral)

A

T12-L3

34
Q

The right kidney lies slightly lower at a lower level than the left kidney because of

A

the liver

35
Q

What is the anterior to posterior arrangement of the structures entering and leaving the hilum kidney

A

Renal vein is anterior to the renal artery, which is anterior to the pelvis

36
Q

How are the kidney peritonised

A

Enclosed by a membranous layer of renal fat retroperitoneal

37
Q

What is the term used to describe the expanded upper part of the ureter

A

Renal pelvis

38
Q

The ureter is normally constricted at 3 locations during its course from the kidneys to the urinary bladder

A

Pelviureteric junction
Crossing external iliac vessels
As ureter passes bladder wall

Anatomy Alimentary System (4 decks)

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