Class 12 - recap

Question 1

What determines all ecosystems?

Answer 1

Annual precipitation and temperature

Question 2

What are the ecosystems?

Answer 2

Savannas, tropical rainforest, torical seasonal forest, deserts, mangroves, coral reefs, montane forest, lakes, rivers, wetlands, peatland

Question 3

Has food and feed (agricultural land and abundance of fish stocks) increased or decreased?

Answer 3

Both

Question 4

Has materials and assistance (potental land for material production, extend of forested land) decreased or increased?

Answer 4

Both

Question 5

Has the species locally known and used medicinally decreased or increased

Answer 5

Decreased

Question 6

Has the number of people living near nature and biodiversity decreased or increased?

Answer 6

Decreased

Question 7

Has area of natural and traditional land and seascaped decreased or increased?

Answer 7

Decreased

Question 8

Has stability of land use and cover increased or decreased?

Answer 8

Decreased

Question 9

Has species survival probability and diversity decreased or increased?

Answer 9

Decreased

Question 10

Has the extent of habitats decreased or increased?

Answer 10

Decreased

Question 11

Has pollinator diversity and natural habitats decreased or increased?

Answer 11

Decreased

Question 12

Has air pollution increased or decreased?

Answer 12

Increased (bad)

Question 13

Has ocean acidification increased or decreased?

Answer 13

Neither

Question 14

Has ground water increased or decreased?

Answer 14

Decreased

Question 15

Has ecosystems that filter or add good components to water increased or decreased?

Answer 15

Decreased

Question 16

Has soil organic carbon increased or decreased?

Answer 16

Decreased

Question 17

Has the ability of ecosystems to regulate and buffer hazards increased or decreased?

Answer 17

Decreased

Question 18

What are the governance strategies needed to save the earth?

Answer 18

Incentive and capacity building, cross-sectoral cooperation, pre-emptive action, effective decicion making, environmental law and implementation

Question 19

What are the leverage points that government ystrategies can achieve?

Answer 19

Embrace diverse versions of a good life, reduce total consumption and waste, reduce inequalities, practice justice and inclusion in conservation, ensure environmentally friendly technologies and investments, promote education and knowledge sharing

Question 20

Explain an example of indirect drivers, human activities, and direct drivers of how the earth is becoming

Answer 20

Indirect drivers: Demographic and sociocultural, economic and technological. Human activities: Fishing, agriculture, energy. Direct drivers: Land-use change, direct exploitation, climate change

Question 21

How many species are at risk of extinction?

Answer 21

1 million, the rate of extinction is increasing

Question 22

What are the main drivers of biodiversity loss?

Answer 22

Land and sea use change, direct exploitation of organisms, climate change, pollution, invasive species

Question 23

How many wetlands have been lost between 1700 and 2000?

Answer 23

85%

Question 24

How much has coral reefs declined since 1870?

Answer 24

50%

Question 25

What are the 5 main policy reccomendations to restore biodiversity?

Answer 25

1. Sustainable land and water management, 2. Economic restructuring (subsidies, taxes), 3. Integrated policy frameworks, 4. global governance, 5. Education and awareness