Class 12 Intl Organization

Question 1

What are the notions of liberalism?

Answer 1

relationship of trade, domestic freedom, and peace

Question 2

3 major assumptions of liberalism

Answer 2

1) anarchy can be mitigated by institutions facilitating cooperation

2) international organizations are independent actors

3) states are not the most important actors

Question 3

2 implications of the assumptions of liberalism

Answer 3

1) cooperation uneasy but facilitated by intl organizations

2) states seek absolute gains

Question 4

7 techniques/strategies for cooperation

Answer 4

1). reduction in transaction costs
2). decomposition of large transactions
3). increase in transparency
4). issue linkage
5). commitments through sunk costs
6). threat of retaliation to defection
7). foster reciprocity

Question 5

3 ideologies of intl organization

Answer 5

1) liberalism
2) neoliberalism
3) neorealism

Question 6

two sources of disagreement that make cooperation difficult

Answer 6

preference over goals and preferences of strategies

Question 7

What does reciprocity build upon?

Answer 7

a) past behavior
b) promise of future gains

Question 8

Concert of Europe’s purpose?

Answer 8

Limit the likelihood of revolution

Question 9

Reason for collapse of concert of europe

Answer 9

Relative gains

Question 10

Robert Jervis’s requirements for a concert

Answer 10

1) members are status quo
2) believe they share values
3) territorial expansion not a means of maintaining status quo
4) war viewed as costly

Question 11

What is collective security?

Answer 11

collective agreement to regulate
behavior and permit change
peacefully and prevention of war by defining state
interaction peacefully

Question 12

3 components of collective security

Answer 12

1) states must trust each other and renounce aggression
2) not act in self interest
3) handle transgressors collectively

Question 13

logical flaws of collective security

Answer 13

1) does not address the security dilemma
2) states don’t trust and cannot act collectively

Question 14

reasons states don’t trust and cannot act collectively

Answer 14

1) impossible to determine aggressor v victim
2) impossible to determine good v bad
3) reluctance to punish friendly transgressor
4) relative gains/burden sharing weaken collective security
5) slow reaction may allow fait accompli
6) cooperation as a threat to sovereignty
7) responsible states help threatened states due to attitudes of force

Question 15

Two examples of collective security

Answer 15

League of Nations
UN

Question 16

Origins of European Integration?

Answer 16

American push to make Europe
capable financially in protection from
the USSR, how the french were to manage Germany.

Question 17

Federalism

Answer 17

Pooling of European economic and defense resources - too far too fast.

Question 18

What is functionalism and by David Mitrany?

Answer 18

short term economic benefits of
cooperation through regional
organizations

Question 19

inter-governmentalism

Answer 19

globalization increasingly made
individual states vulnerable to capital
flows and other economic effects

Question 20

Schumann Plan

Answer 20

by Robert Schumann and adopted by the french foreign minister - Robert s\Schumann

Question 21

mastrich treaty

Answer 21

created elections for parliament every 5 years for 626 seats

Question 22

3 IMPLICATIONS of realist assumption

Answer 22

1) states are driven by fear and so cooperation is hard

2) only states matter

3) relative gains matter

Question 23

what do defensive positionalists say?

Answer 23

better to be poor and ahead than
rich and behind