class 1 (jan 8th)

Question 1

what is leadership as a nurse

Answer 1

-using individual traits and personal power to interact constructively to resolve problems
-the process of engaging and influencing others
-ability of any nurse to be a leader, regardless of the personality type, gender, ethnicity, or age

Question 2

where/when can we use leadership in nursing

Answer 2

-patient safety issues
-increased technology
-rapid change
-aging workforce
-aging population

Question 3

5 leadership theories

Answer 3

1.trait leadership
2.style leadership
3.situational-contingency leadership
4.transformational leadership
5.authentic leadership

Question 4

trait/great man leadership theory

Answer 4

“the great man theory” aka being born with leadership traits
-self awareness of traits is useful for assessing personal strengths
-key idea: leaders have a certain set of physical and emotional characteristics that are crucial for inspiring others

Question 5

style leadership theory

Answer 5

-considers how leaders behave
-based on 2 types of behaviour: task and relationship behaviours
-leaders need to develop both types of behaviours to be successful

Question 6

situational-contingency leadership theory

Answer 6

“path-goal theory” aka the leader’s behaviour should be contingent on task and follower characteristics
-leadership effectiveness depends on situational factors
nursing leaders must assess each situation as unique and determine appropriate actions accordingly

Question 7

3 task-focused leadership styles

Answer 7

-autocratic
-transactional
-lassiez-faire and instrumental leadership

Question 8

relationship-focused leadership styles

Answer 8

-transformational leadership
-authentic leadership

Question 9

what is transformational leadership

Answer 9

-building trust and relationships
-creating an empowering work environment
-creating an environment that supports knowledge development and integration
-leading and sustaining change
-balancing competing values and priorities

Question 10

what is authentic leadership

Answer 10

-leader’s are aware of their own values and moral convictions and are constantly realigning their actions to match their values
-authentic leadership is strongly associated with follower’s trust in their leader’s, and followers positive emotions

Question 11

role of emerging leaders

Answer 11

assume responsibility for own learning and development

Question 12

role of the organization for developing future leaders

Answer 12

identify, recruit, and retain future leaders

Question 13

role of management to support leaders

Answer 13

ensuring that people have the necessary resources to get the job done

Question 14

role and function of managment

Answer 14

-focus on the person to develop strengths and abilities that lead to excellence in performance
-help the person develop realistic goals
-foster an environment that promotes goal attainment
-emphasize objectivity, collaboration, honesty, directness, and listening to others

Question 15

management competencies

Answer 15

-accountability for professional practice
-verbal communication
-team-building skills
-leadership skills
-conflict resolution
-knowledge of ethical and legal issues

Question 16

characteristics of the role of a leader

Answer 16

-frequently not part of formal organization
-often no delegated authority; obtain power through other means
-wider variety of roles than managers
-focus on group process, information gathering, feedback, and empowering others

Question 16

characteristics of the role of a manager

Answer 16

-assigned a position within an organization
-legitimate source of power and delegated authority
-carry out specific functions
-emphasize control, decision making, decision analysis, and results

Question 16

characteristics of a good leader

Answer 16

-envision the future
-communicate their visions
-motivate followers
-lead the way
-influence others to accomplish goals
-inspire confidence
-take risks
-empower followers
-master change

Question 17

characteristics of a good manager

Answer 17

-coordinate resources
-optimize resource use
-meet organizational goals and objectives
-follow rules
-plan, organize, control, and direct
-use reward and punishment effectively to achieve organizational goals

Question 18

what is followership

Answer 18

involves engaging with others who are leading or managing, by contributing to the work that needs to be done

Question 19

what is problem solving

Answer 19

-a comprehensive, sequential, cognitive process used to solve a problem by reducing the difference between current and desired conditions
-decision making is a part of problem solving

Question 20

what two elements are essential to problem solving

Answer 20

problem analysis
decision making

Question 21

what is decision making

Answer 21

a process in which a preferred option or a course of actions is chosen from among a set of alternatives on the basis of given criteria or strategies
-in risky situations it involves estimating probability of success of alternatives with the complexity, level of risk, and certainty of each outcome

Question 22

what is a decision

Answer 22

a choice between alternative courses of action or intervention that are selected to solve a problem

Question 23

different intellectual processes for decision making

Answer 23

-scientific method
-nursing process
-problem solving process
-decision making process
-ethical decision making
-creative decision making
-shared decision making
-critical thinking

Question 24

factors that affect the quality of decisions

Answer 24

-individual decision bias
-group decision bias
-fallacies
-personal attributes

Question 25

applying the problem-solving process

Answer 25

-define the problem
-gather data
-analyze the data
-develop solutions
-select solutions
-purposeful inaction
-implement solutions
-evaluate the result

Question 26

rational decision-making model

Answer 26

-be aware of assumptions
-set goals first; then state and weight criteria according to importance
- generate alternatives, and rate each alternatives
-=evaluate each alternative to see which is best

Question 27

bounded rationality model

Answer 27

-satisficing decision
-optimizing decision
-fishbone diagram
-Ms (methods, machines, manpower, materials)
-Ps (place, procedure, people, policies)
-Ss (surroundings, suppliers, systems, skills)

Question 28

clinical judgement model

Answer 28

phases: noticing, interpreting, responding, reflecting
clinical reasoning
clinical journaling

Question 29

group decision making criteria

Answer 29

the decisions must be of high quality
all who are responsible for the implementation must accept the decision
-advantages
-challenges
-strategies

Question 30

team decision support tools

Answer 30

-electronic meetings
-brainstorming
-six thinking hats
-nominal group technique
-SWOT analysis (strengths, weaknesses, opportunities, and threats)