CLASP: Sudden Death Flashcards
1
Q
5 classes of shock
A
Hypovolaemic Cardiogenic Obstructive Distributive Cytotoxic
2
Q
Where are baroreceptors located?
A
Carotid sinus (CNIX) Aortic arch (CNX) Lack of stretch inhibits parasympathetic and enhanced sympathetic output
3
Q
Describe cardiogenic shock
A
Heart isn’t able to pump as efficiently
4
Q
Examples of inotropes
A
Adrenaline
Dobutamine
Milrinone
5
Q
Describe obstructive shock
A
Obstruction to the heart or great vessels, effects filling of the heart
6
Q
How do you treat obstructive shock?
A
Treat underlying cause e.g. tamponade/ pneumothorax
7
Q
Describe distributive shock
A
Too much vasodilation
Cardiac output is ok but it can’t maintain forward perfusion
8
Q
3 main causes of distributive shock
A
Septic = endotoxins released Anaphylactic = Mast cells release histamine which vasodilates Neurogenic = Spinal injury causes lack of sympathetic outflow
9
Q
What are the reversible causes of cardiac arrest?
A
Hypothermia
Hypovolaemia
Hypoxia
Hypo or hyperkalaemia
Tension pneumothorax
Tamponade
Thrombosis (coronary or pulmonary)
Toxins
10
Q
Intrinsic Risk factors for SUDI
A
Preterm Acute illness Congenital abnormality Multiple birth Small for gestational age Male
11
Q
Extrinsic Risk factors for SUDI
A
Depression in care giver Alcohol/substance misuse Smoking Domestic violence Poor housing Co-sleeping Sleeping on pillow or soft surface Sleeping prone or on side
