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AQA A-Level English Language > CLA - spoken > Flashcards

CLA - spoken Flashcards

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Proverbs and Idioms flashcards
1
Q

Who created the behaviourist theory?

A

Skinner

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2
Q

How does Skinner say children learn language?

A

Through copying

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3
Q

Who came up with the critical development period?

A

Lenneberg

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4
Q

What is the age range for the critical development period?

A

2 to 15

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5
Q

What is the example for the critical development period?

A

Genie

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6
Q

How does Genie support behaviourism?

A

She had no one to copy language from so her language didn’t develop.

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7
Q

Who did the wugs experiment?

A

Berko (1958)

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8
Q

What does the wugs experiment suggest in terms of language development in children?

A

active and deductive process

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9
Q

Does the wugs experiment support the behaviourism theory? Why?

A

No. ‘Wug’ was a made up word that the children had never heard before so they weren’t copying anyone when they said the plural was ‘Wugs’.

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10
Q

Who conducted the fis study?

A

Berko + Brown (1960)

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11
Q

What did the fis study look at?

A

It looked at how children ignore corrections from caregivers.

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12
Q

What is instrumental language for? (Halliday)

A

Fulfilling a need

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13
Q

What is regulatory language for? (Halliday)

A

to control the behaviours of others around them

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14
Q

What is interactional language for? (Halliday)

A

to develop relationships with others through phatic language

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15
Q

What is personal language for? (Halliday)

A

to express opinions about what is around them

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16
Q

What is heuristic language for? (Halliday)

A

to explore the world by asking questions (e.g. why, why, why)

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17
Q

What is imaginative language for? (Halliday)

A

to explore and creative worlds by their imagination

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18
Q

What is representational language for? (Halliday)

A

to exchange information with those around them

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19
Q

What does MLU mean?

A

Mean Length of Utterance

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20
Q

Who made Social Interaction theory?

A

Bruner

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21
Q

What does social interaction theory focus on?

A

the significance of everyday social interactions

22
Q

What does Bruner look at in terms of social interaction theory and language development?

A

he looks at the role of the caregiver or peer in language development

23
Q

What does CDS stand for?

A

Child Directed Speech

24
Q

What is CDS/ parenteese?

A

the way a caregiver communicates with an infant

25
Q

Why does the caregiver use repetition?

A

Repetition of new words allows the infant to listen to the intonation of the words.

26
Q

Why does the caregiver use simple sentences?

A

The attention span of the child is not lengthy, so shorter sentences will keep the child’s attention.

27
Q

Why does the caregiver use a slower speaking pace?

A

To allow the child time to process the information and join in the conversation

28
Q

Why does the caregiver use tag questions?

A

to encourage interaction from the infant.

29
Q

Why does the caregiver use different pitches and intonations?

A

to keep the child focused of the caregiver

30
Q

Why does the caregiver accompany their utterances with actions/ gestures?

A

to reinforce and consolidate the meaning to the infant.

31
Q

How does CDS impact the language development in children?

A

it allows them to become active in their own learning process.

32
Q

What is LASS short for?

A

Language Acquisition Support System

33
Q

How many stages are there in LASS?

A

4

34
Q

What are the 4 stages in LASS?

A

1- gaining attention
2- query
3- label
4- feedback

35
Q

Who created the Cognitive theory for language development?

A

Piaget

36
Q

How does Piaget say children learn language?

A

He says that children construct their own knowledge in response to experiences.

37
Q

How many stages of cognitive development are there according to Piaget?

A

5

38
Q

Referring to the stages of cognitive development, what are schemas?

A

the organisation of knowledge of the world around them

39
Q

Referring to the stages of cognitive development, what is Assimilation?

A

incorporating new information into that world

40
Q

Referring to the stages of cognitive development, what is Accomodation?

A

adjusting new and existing information

41
Q

Referring to the stages of cognitive development, what is Organisation?

A

grouping together isolated behaviours

42
Q

Referring to the stages of cognitive development, what is Equillibrium?

A

the shift in ideas due to the previous 4 stages.

43
Q

What is object permanence?

A

Knowing an object still exists even when you can’t see it.

44
Q

What is seriation?

A

a child needs to be able to compare one thing to another to be able to use comparatives (e.g. bigger) and superlatives (e.g. best)

45
Q

Who created Innate Capacity (Nativism)

A

Chomsky

46
Q

What is the basic message of Innate Capacity?

A

Children are born with an inherited ability to learn any human language.

47
Q

Which theory does Innate Capacity directly contrast?

A

Behaviourism
Innate Capacity states that the ability to learn language is inherited
Behaviourism says language learnt is copied off of caregivers and peers

48
Q

What is LAD short for?

A

Language Acquisition Device

49
Q

Does the LAD automatically work in a child’s brain?

A

No- the child needs some exposure to the language for the LAD to function.

50
Q

Chomsky suggests that there is a poverty of….

A

Poverty of stimulus between caregivers and infants

51
Q

Which behaviourist criticism supports Chomsky?

A

Wug study. As the children had never seen the word ‘Wug’ before and so applied their inherited universal grammar rules to produce the plural ‘Wugs’

AQA A-Level English Language (7 decks)

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