CKD Flashcards
A reduction in the glomerular filtration rate (GFR) and/or urinary abnormalities or structural abnormalities of the renal tract
CKD
The severity of CKD is classified from __ depending upon the level of GFR
1 to 5
CKD is more prevalent in
Elderly population
CKD rank in cause of death
9th
What happens to kidney as CKD progress
Shrinks
Causes of CKD
- Type 1 & 2 Diabetes
- HBP
- Polycystic kidney dx
- Obstruction of the urinary tract
- Glomerulonephritis
- Vesicoureteral
- Pyelonephritis
- Interstitial nephritis
An inflammation of the kidney’s filtering units
Glomerulonephritis
A reflux, a condition that causes urine to back up into your kidneys
Vesicoureteral
Risk Factors of CKD
- Diabetes
- High blood pressure
- Heart and blood vessel (cardiovascular) disease
- Smoking
- Obesity
- Being African-American, Native American or Asian-American
- Family history of kidney disease
- Abnormal kidney structure
- Older age
Kidney damage with normal or ^GFR
> _90
Kidney damage with mild|GFR
60-89
Moderate |GFR
30-59
Severe |GFR
15-29
Kidney Failure
<15 or dialysis
Intensive therapy in patients with
type 1 and type 2 diabetes
Intensive therapy in patients with type 1 and type 2 diabetes reduces__ , including __
microvascular complications
nephropathy
Intensive therapy can include __ and involves blood sugar testing at least three times daily
insulin or oral drugs
REDUCES SERUM PHOSPHORUS LEVELS IN THE BODY
PHOSPHATE SCAVENGERS (SEVELAMER)
FOR TREATMENT OF ANEMIA
IRON PRODUCTS (FERROUS SULFATE, IRON DEXTRAN IV)
SUPPORTIVE THERAPIES
•The primary goal of lipid-lowering therapies in CKD is to decrease the risk for progressive atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease.
•A secondary goal is to reduce proteinuria and renal function decline seen with administration of statins (3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl coenzyme A reductase inhibitors).
A low-protein diet __ can delay progression of CKD in patients with or without diabetes, although the benefit is relatively sma
(0.6 to 0.75 g/kg/day)
Non-Pharmacologic Treatment of CKD
• A low-protein diet (0.6 to 0.75 g/kg/day) can delay progression of CKD in patients with or without diabetes, although the benefit is relatively small.
•Low salt diet
•Smoking cessation
TREATMENT OF HYPERPHOSPHATEMIA
CALCIUM SALTS (CALCIUM CARBONATE, CALCIUM ACETATE)
PREVENTION AND TREATMENT OF SECONDARY HYPERPARATHYROIDISM
VITAMIN D ANALAOGUES (CALCITRIOL)
STIMULATES ERYTHOPOETIN PRODUCTION
HEMATOPOIETIC GROWTH FACTORS (EPOETIN, DARBOPOIETIN)
An inflammation of the kidney’s tubules and surrounding structures
Interstitial nephritis
Recurrent kidney infection, also called
Pyelonephritis
Recurrent kidney infection, also called
Pyelonephritis
Kidney damage decreases GFR of __ for 3 mos or more
<60 mL/min
