Civil War Test Flashcards
Causes of war (8)
Compromise of 1820/ Missouri Compromise Compromise Tariff of 1833 Mexican War Compromise of 1850 Kansas-Nebraska Act Bleeding Kansas Dred Scott Decision Lincoln's Election
What was the Compromise of 1820/ Missouri Compromise and why was it a cause?
Missouri wanted to be a Southern state but no state was ready to join the North
Compromise: Missouri was South state. Maine was a North state. 36˚ 30’ Line
Both still wanted to be on top
What was the Compromise Tariff of 1833 and why was it a cause?
Compromise reached- remove tariffs on top 10 south imports, gradually lower tariffs on other things until basically gone in 10 years.
North was upset
What was the Mexican War and why was it a cause?
1846-1848- a war where America gained Mexican Cession
North felt war only increased South power since most of the land gained was below 36° 30’.
What was the Compromise of 1850 and why was it a cause?
Compromise: CA was a North state. Rest of Mexican Cession was South Fugitive Slave Law passed. South upset because of lost senate power
What was the Kansas-Nebraska Act and why was it a cause?
IL Senator Stephen A. Douglas introduced popular sovereignty- territories can vote on whether they want to be a free or slave state.
The state decided, not federal (federal vs. state power). (states will fight)
What was Bleeding Kansas and why was it a cause?
2 rival govts (N and S)= chaos.
More violence & guerilla warfare
What was the Dred Scott Decision and why was it a cause?
Scott was not a citizen= could not sue.
Since property (5th amend.), didn’t matter where the slave was taken.
Cong had no power to ban slavery.
Favored South
What was Lincoln’s election and why was it a cause?
Every S state voted against him (he won)
S had no voice in govt (Pres & Cong were against them)……
Wanted power
South war goal
Fight a defensive war until North tired of fighting
Establish Confederate independence
North war goal
To restore the Union
Bull Run/Manasses: goal, outcome, importance
Goal: Take the railroad into Richmond
Outcome: Southern victory
Importance: Realized that the war was going to be longer than they thought
Antietam/Sharpsburg: goal, outcome, importance
Goal: Lee invade north, defeat McClellan, march on DC- peace, loss- blow to north morale, 1 more victory for Europe to recognize south
Outcome: Technically North won, but South almost did
Importance: Victory that Lincoln needed to issue the Emancipation Proclamation
Gettysburg: goal, outcome, importance
Goal: Lee brought the fight to the North again to draw Grant from Vicksburg
Outcome: North won
Importance: 1st major battle the South lost
Sherman’s March: goal, outcome, importance
Goal: Total war, split South, destroy Confederate supply lines, bring death and fear to the civilian population, show the world South is weak and near defeat
Outcome: Union troops destroyed Georgia and South Carolina
Importance: Broke Southern will to fight, many deserted to help family
Petersburg: goal, outcome, importance
Goal: Capture Richmond
Outcome: North won
Importance: Northerners captured Richmond
Appomattox Court House: goal, outcome, importance
Goal: Get Lee to surrender
Outcome: Lee surrendered, North won the war
Importance: War ends, Union restored
Southern General
Robert E. Lee
Northern Generals and why they were fired
Winfield Scott: out of shape Irvin McDowell: lost Bull Run (outnumbered South 2 to 1) George McClellan: too careful John Pope: Lied to Lincoln McClellan: too careful Ambrose Burnside: 14 charges (Fredricksburg), cried in front of soldiers Joseph Hooker: Didn't listen to cavalry George Meade: Didn't pursue Lee Ulysses S. Grant: NONE
Emancipation Proclamation
Didn’t actually free any slaves Didn't free slaves in border states 200,000 Africans join the army Southern slaves sabotage South England and France won't help South
