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American Cultures I > Civil War Test > Flashcards

Civil War Test Flashcards

1
Q

Who had an urban living environment

A

North

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2
Q

Who had a rural living environment

A

South

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3
Q

How much goods did the north produce?

A

$1.5 billion

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4
Q

How much goods did the south produce?

A

$155 million

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5
Q

What was the population difference between the north and south?

A

The north was 2.5 times larger

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6
Q

Who had bigger cities and more diverse people?

A

The north had 9 of 10 biggest cities and many immigrants.

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7
Q

What percent of railroad was in the north?

A

70%

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8
Q

What did the south rely on for transportation?

A

The Mississippi River

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9
Q

What were each side’s form of communication?

A

North-telegraph

South-pony express

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10
Q

What were the similarities of both sides?

A

They are both capitalist, they are both from the same heritage, both prejudice, and neither side wanted the other to tell them what to do

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11
Q

What is a quote foreshadowing how long the war will be?

A

By the end of the war, they won’t know what they’re fighting for.

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12
Q

What quote is toward southern hate?

A

All they have is cotton, slaves, and arrogance.

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13
Q

What are casualties?

A

Total number of:

  • people killed in action
  • wounded in action
  • missing in action
  • prisoners of war
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14
Q

Where was the battle of Manassas fought?

A

Manassas, Virginia

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15
Q

When did Manassas happen?

A

July 21, 1861

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16
Q

What were causes of Manassas?

A
  • when the north declared war

- Union feels ready and are prepared

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17
Q

What was Manassas’ incident/action

A
  • South backups by rail, Union had no backup plan
  • Town folk are spies for CSA
  • Town folk picnic and watch the battle, even bring their kids
  • Union retreats through crowd and town and causes panic
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18
Q

What were the effects of Manassas?

A
  • Union’s response of public pressure didn’t work
  • organization was key
  • sometimes luck is important
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19
Q

Who were the Manassas generals?

A

McDowell-Union

Beauregard-CSA

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20
Q

Who got his name for standing like a stone wall in Manassas, and helped the CSA to victory

A

Stonewall Jackson

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21
Q

What were some of the new technology improvements of the war?

A
  • rifling bullets in a straight line
  • reloading rifles became quicker
  • cannon shells could explode over the enemy in the air
  • canister-shells were filled with lead balls
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22
Q

when a weaker army inflicts small but continuous losses of soldiers and material that gradually add up to an unbearable burden for the enemy

A

War of Attrition

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23
Q

the Union’s plan to blockade the south and cut off its supplies from foreign countries

A

Anaconda Plan

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24
Q

Where was Shiloh Fought?

A

Shiloh Church, TN

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25
Q

When was Shiloh fought?

A

April 6-7, 1862

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26
Q

Who was the Union general in Shiloh?

A

Grant

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27
Q

What were causes of Shiloh?

A

-a southern army unexpectedly struck the Union army and nearly took them back to the TN river

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28
Q

What was the incident/action at Shiloh on April 6th?

A
  • Grant refused to give up
  • he attacked CSA during the day and whipped them
  • Union wanted to retreat, but Grant refused
  • CSA at first won, but Grant wanted to attack them at daylight
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29
Q

What was the incident/action at Shiloh on April 7th?

A

Grant attacks at daylight and Union wins

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30
Q

What were the effects of Shiloh?

A
  • showed northern civilians that the CSA wouldn’t collapse overnight
  • prevented south from regaining Western Territory and its river highways
  • bloodiest battle ever in US-23k casualties(13k Union, 10k CSA)
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31
Q

After about halfway through the war, what were the Union’s challenges?

A

-after they passed the draft law, 87k men paid to get out of it, and 74k men replaced them

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32
Q

After about halfway through the war, what were the CSA’s challenges?

A
  • CSA passed a draft law due to lack of resources, and people served for longer
  • first draft in US history
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33
Q

Why did Lincoln deny freedom of press to the public temporarily?

A

He used the army to stop people from criticizing him as President

34
Q

What other right did Lincoln suspend?

A

Habeas corpus

35
Q

What did the Union do in order to get more money for the war?

A
  • made new federal tariff on imports
  • also passed internal revenue act of 1862, which created IRS for collecting taxes
  • also added national greenback currency
36
Q

What did the US pass to extend their routes to the west coast?

A

Pacific Railroad Act of 1862

37
Q

What did the US pass to let settlers live there to improve land?

A

Homestead Act of 1862

38
Q

What was the purpose of Paragraph 1 of the EP?

A

to free slaves in rebelling states

39
Q

What was the purpose of Paragraph 2 of the EP?

A

it describes how to determine if a state is in rebellion if they have representatives in Congress by January 1, 1863

40
Q

What was the purpose of Paragraph 3 of the EP?

A

Describes Lincoln’s responsibility to enforce this proclamation (executive power)

41
Q

What was the purpose of Paragraph 4 of the EP?

A

says where proclamation will be enforced

42
Q

What was the purpose of Paragraph 5 of the EP?

A

Says Lincoln will use military to enforce the proclamation

43
Q

What was the purpose of Paragraph 6 of the EP?

A

blacks are advised to refrain from violence and to find a paying job

44
Q

What was the purpose of Paragraph 7 of the EP?

A

blacks are accepted into the Union army

45
Q

What was Lincoln’s purpose to write EP?

A

To maintain economy of USA to leave slavery alone and to let people know they will lose property by not following the law

46
Q

When did Lincoln issue the EP?

A

September 27, 1862

47
Q

What were the effects of the EP?

A
  • Changed that the war was about slavery and made war a moral issue
  • now fighting for people, not politics
  • blacks can now fight for themselves
  • Southern blacks were freed by Lincoln
48
Q

Where and when was Antietam fought?

A

Sharpsburg, MD on September 7, 1862

49
Q

Who were the generals of each side in Antietam?

A

Lee-South

McClellan-North

50
Q

What were causes of Antietam?

A
  • Richmond had been saved by south, so they wanted to conquer the north
  • If CSA could keep going, Britain would have helped them
  • if CSA successfully invaded the north, they could have won
51
Q

What was the incident/action at Antietam?

A

Neither side won a clear victory, just lost lots of soldiers. Just fought to see who was a better commander.

52
Q

What were Antietam’s effects?

A
  • When Lee lost most of his army, they had to go back to Virginia
  • McClellan got replaced by Burnside
  • war would become a stalemate after this battle-nobody winning for a while
  • -bloodiest day in whole war-23k casualties (6k dead, 17k wounded)
53
Q

When and where was Vicksburg fought?

A

Vicksburg, MS and April-July 4, 1863

54
Q

a military operation which enemy forces surround a town or building, cutting off essential supplies, with the aim of compelling the surrender of those inside

A

siege

55
Q

a war that is unrestricted in terms of the weapons used, the territory or combatants involved, of the objectives pursued, especially one in which the laws of war are disregarded

A

total war

56
Q

What were the causes of Vicksburg?

A

Vicksburg was a military necessity for the south, north wanted to cut off this line

57
Q

What was the incident/action at Vicksburg?

A

The north surrounded Vicksburg and laid siege for 3 months and waged a total war. Vicksburg surrendered on July 4th.

58
Q

What were the effects of Vicksburg?

A

North cut off lines by using new cannons and old siege tracks. Turning point in war-used total war to take out the south

59
Q

When and where was Gettysburg fought?

A

July 1-3, 1863 in Gettysburg, PA

60
Q

Who were the Generals for each side at Gettysburg?

A

Lee-South

Meade-North

61
Q

What were causes of Gettysburg?

A
  • Lee wanted to split Union army so he moved it north

- Meade heard reports Lee’s army was there so he moved his men into Gettysburg.

62
Q

What was the incident/action of Gettysburg?

A

July 1-Lee pushes Union into defensive position at Cemetery Ridge
July 2-Lee tries to capture high ground, but he fails and is outnumbered at Little Round Top
July 3-Pickett’s charge-hand to hand combat, last offensive move for the south in the war

63
Q

What were the effects of Gettysburg?

A
  • Union victory, bloodiest battle of civil war (51k casualties-23k USA, 28k CSA)
  • CSA gets pushed back to Virginia and must defend
  • it was now about Democracy
64
Q

Where and When did Sherman’s march happen?

A

Atlanta to Savannah, GA in November-December, 1864

65
Q

What were causes of Sherman’s march?

A

-to make people so sick of war that generation would pass before they would appeal to it

66
Q

What was the action of Sherman’s march?

A

It was total war and they burnt a 60-mile wide path from Atlanta to Savannah, destroyed state of Georgia

67
Q

How did the Election of 1864 turn out?

A

Lincoln won with 212/233 electoral votes, which showed support for war once again

68
Q

When and where was the Siege at Petersburg?

A

Petersburg, VA in June 1864-March 1865

69
Q

What were causes of Petersburg?

A

Grant stopped the south of the Confederate capitol-Richmond, VA

70
Q

What was the incident/action at Petersburg?

A

The Union successfully cut off supplies to Lee’s army and 50% of southern soldiers desert halfway through the battle

71
Q

What were the effects of Petersburg?

A

Lee summons Grant to discuss surrender

72
Q

Where and when did Lee surrender?

A

April 9, 1865 at Appomattox Courthouse, VA

73
Q

What were the final casualty count at the end of the war?

A

360k Union dead
258k CSA dead
618k Total dead

74
Q

Which new Amendment banned slavery?

A

13th

75
Q

Which new Amendment stated you cannot deny citizenship based on race?

A

14th

76
Q

Which new Amendment stated you can’t deny suffrage based on race?

A

15th

77
Q

When and where was Lincoln assassinated?

A

April 14, 1865 at Ford’s Theater

78
Q

Who was his assassin?

A

John Wilkes Booth

79
Q

When was the 13th Amendment passed and ratified?

A

February and December 1865

80
Q

When did Lincoln take oath to his 2nd term?

A

January 1865

American Cultures I (9 decks)

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