Civil War Terms Flashcards
Appomattox Court House
A village in Virginia where general Robert E. Lee surrendered to General Ulysses S. Grant in April of 1865, effectively ending the American Civil War.
Clara Barton
A reformer and nurse of the 19th century, who founded the American Red Cross in the 1880s. She had organized nursing care for the union soldiers during the Civil War.
Blue and the Gray
The union and confederate armies in the Civil War. The union wore blue uniforms; the confederate or gray.
John Wilkes booth
The assassin of Abraham Lincoln. He was an actor, the reason he killed Abraham Lincoln was he was phonetically devoted to the south. After killing him, he jumped down onto the stage and ran. He broke his legs when he fell. They cornered him in a barn, he died of gunshot wounds, self-inflicted?
John Brown
An abolitionist of the 19th century who sought to free the slaves by military force. After leading several attacks in Kansas. He plans to start an uprising among the slaves. In 1859 he took over a federal arsenal at Harpers Ferry in Virginia. Some Marines came, took it back, and hung him to death.
Battle of bull run
First Civil War battle, fought in Virginia near Washington DC. The confederacy surprisingly beat the north. The confederacy also won the second battle of bull run, which was very near the first battle. The south called the both battles “Manassas”.
Battle of Chancellorsville
(important battle) fought in 1863 in Virginia. The south won, Robert E. Lee and Stonewall Jackson, defeated a larger northern army. Stonewall was accidentally killed after the battle by his own man.
Civil war
Fought in USA, fought between northern (union) and southern (confederate) states from 1861 through 1865. The south wanted to become separate from America. The reason was the north and south saw differently on a lot of things, mainly slavery. They tried to avoid war with the Missouri compromise and the compromise of 1850 but to no avail. Abraham Lincoln was president at that time.
Confederacy
The states who were on the southside wanted to separate from America, the leader of these states was Jefferson Davis.
Confederate
What you call someone from the confederacy.
Crimean war
Fought in the 19th century. Fought between Russia against Turkey, Britain, and France. The independence of Turkey was made official. Florence Nightingale came about through her nursing during the war.
Damn the torpedoes
An exclamation made by David Farragut, an officer in the union Navy in the Civil War. Warned of minds, called torpedoes in the water ahead, he then said. “ Damn the torpedoes captain Drayton, go ahead! Joett, full speed”
Jefferson davis
A political leader of the 19th century, he was a powerful cabinet officer in the 1850s when his home state Mississippi succeeded from the union. Davis left the Senate to join the competency. He was president of the confederacy throughout the war.
Benjamin Disraeli
An English political leader of the 19th century, he led the conservative party of Brittin (tories) in the 1860s and 1870s. He was Prime Minister twice. He was a political opponent of William Gladstone, Israel strongly, supported the expansion of Britain colonies, and had Queen Victoria proclaimed empress of India.
Stephen a Douglas
Political leader of the 19th century known for running against Abraham Lincoln twice. First for a seat in the Senate of Illinois in 1858, which he won. Then for the presidency in 1860 which he lost, they debated about slavery in 1858. ( and other things.)
Dreaded Scott decision
A controversial ruling made by the Supreme Court in 1857, a slave named dreaded. Scott wanted to be free because he lived in “free” territory for a time with his master. They said that he wasn’t a citizen property. They said that the Missouri compromise deprived people unfairly of their “property“ or slaves. This was bad news for the abolitionists.
Emancipation proclamation
A proclamation made by Abraham Lincoln in 1863 at all slaves under the confederacy where from then on “forever free“ in itself it didn’t free the slaves because it only applied to rebellious areas that federal government didn’t control. It didn’t affect the for slave states, Delaware, Maryland, Kentucky, and Missouri“
David Farragut
An admiral for the union Navy in the Civil War, who helped secure the Mississippi river for the union pyramid he said “Damn the torpedoes”
Gettysburg address
Given by Abraham Lincoln, he talked about the declaration of the soldiers cemetery after the battle of Gettysburg. The first and last lines are very memorable. It took three minutes, right after a two hour long speech by Edward Everett.
Battle of Gettysburg
The greatest battle of the Civil War fought in South Central Pennsylvania in 1863. It ended in a major victory for the north. Considered the turning point of the civil war.
William ewart Gladstone
An English political leader and author of the 19th century. Leader of the liberal party, political opponent of Benjamin Israel. He was Prime Minister several times during the reign of Queen Victoria. He served in British parliament for 60 years! One thing he wanted to do was give Ireland a government of its own, sadly that didn’t happen while he was still alive.
Government of the people, by the people, and for the people.
Words from the Gettysburg address by Abraham Lincoln, often quoted as a definition of democracy. Also is the slogan for democracy.
Ulysses S. Grant
General, and political leader of the 19th century. Commanding general of the union army during the Civil War. He accepted the surrender of Robert E. Lee, top general of the south. At Appomattox courthouse. A Republican, he later became the president of the United States of America
Harpers Ferry
The place where the militant John Brown was captured in 1854 after he seized a federal arsenal there. In West Virginia.
Stonewall Jackson
Thomas J Jaxon, general in confederate army during the Civil War. He got his nickname in the battle of Bull Run, where he and his men “stood like a stone wall“ he and general, Robert E. Lee led the South to victory at the battle of Chancellorsville, he was shot by his own men who mistook him for the enemy.
Robert E Lee
A general of the Confederate side in the 19th century. Lived during the civil war. Before he was a general, he was the leader of the Marines, who killed John Brown at Harpers Ferry. He led the army of northern Virginia. He won the battle of Chancellorsville, she lost the battle of Gettysburg. He surrendered to the union army under command of Ulysses S Grant at Appomattox courthouse in 1865.
Abraham Lincoln
16th president of the United States of America. Lived during the 19th century. Was the leader of the union during the Civil War. One of the most revered presidents who served from 1861 through 1865. He was a lawyer by profession and largely self taught. He was born and raised in Kentucky. He was a Republican. He failed to get on the Senate of Illinois in 1858. He became famous debating people at first. He debated a Douglas. He was elected president in 1860. He was very active in the Civil War, he issued the emancipation proclamation at Gettysburg. And approved his Homestead act “charity for all.” he was assassinated by John Wilkes Booth.
Abraham Lincoln’s second inaugural address
A speech given by Abraham Lincoln. This is when he ran for president again. He stated “charity for all, malice towards none “he wanted to start repairing the nation.
Mason Dixon line
A boundary line between Pennsylvania and Maryland. Laid out by two English surveyors Charles Mason and Jeremiah Dixon in the 1760s before and during the Civil War, the line was symbolic of slavery versus the slavery and then later on as racial segregation versus no racial segregation.
Florence Nightingale
An English nurse of the 19th century. Known for establishing a battlefield hospital for wounded British soldiers in the criterion war. Her tireless servitude day and night is what gave her the nickname “lady with the lamp“
Republican party
A political party that began in 1854 and is today one of the major two political parties in the United States of America. Started in the north, Abraham Lincoln was the first republican president of the USA.
Secession
The withdrawal from the United States of 11 southern states in 1860 and 1861. The 11 states formed into the confederacy. In 1861 they started the Civil War.
Sherman, William tecumseh
One of the leading generals in the union army, in the 19th century. He is known for saying “war is Hell”
Sherman’s March to the sea
Movement of union troops to the seashore of Georgia. He wanted to destroy confederate supplies. This happened after he captured/evacuated, and burned Atlanta in the fall of 1864. He destroyed a lot of the equipment and supplies of the Confederacy’s.
Elizabeth cady Straton
Former feminist who joined Lucretia Mott’s call for the first women’s rights in 1848. She worked in close partnership with Susan B Anthony for women’s suffrage.
Summer fort
Fort at the entrance of Charleston, South Carolina. Where the first military engagement happened in April 1861.
Union
The USA, especially the northern states during the Civil War. Which stayed a union.
War is Hell
A statement by general, William Tecumseh sermon. Leader of the union Army in the Civil War. Said several years after the war.
