Civil War Flashcards
Marbury v. Madison
An 1803 case in which the Supreme Court ruled that it had the power to abolish legislative acts by declaring them unconstitutional; this power became known as judicial review.
Defined the boundary between the executive and judicial branches of government.
Manifest Destiny
The 19th Century belief that the US would inevitably expand westward to the Pacific Ocean & Mexican Territories.
The Great Compromise
An agreement that large and small states would have two representatives in the Senate & the population of each state would determine how many representatives they would have in the “House of Representatives’.
Missouri Compromise
A series of agreements passed by Congress to maintain the balance between the number of slave states & free states.
Checks & Balances
The provisions in the US Constitution that prevent any branch of the US government from dominating the other two branches.
Bill of Rights
Document containing the first 10 amendments to the US Constitution, that was a formal list of citizens’ rights & freedoms. (like free speech, right to bear arms,etc.)
Popular Sovereignty
A system in which the residents vote to decide an issue. (The people have the final say in government decisions.)
Dred Scott v. Sanford
Dred Scott, a slave who had been taken by his owners to free states and territories, he attempted to sue for his freedom. The court ruled against him & he remained a slave.
Reconstruction Act of 1867
The period of rebuilding after the Civil War during which the Southern states were readmitted into the Union (US). (They also had to get rid of the black codes and ratify the 14th amendment- which made everyone born here a citizen - even blacks).
Emancipation Proclamation
An executive order issued by Abraham Lincoln on Jan. 1, 1863 that freed the slaves in all regions including the Confederate (south) States.
Nullification
A state’s refusal to recognize an act of Congress that it considers unconstitutional. (like southern states trying to get their blacks back as slaves).
What were the effects of the Civil War?
Cost lost of lives & $
A.The nation was reunited.
B. Southern states then had to apply for readmission to the Union.
C. The Federal government proved itself supreme over the states.
D. Slavery was effectively ended.
E. Reconstruction, the plan to rebuild America after the war, began.
F. Industrialism began as a result of the increase in wartime production and the development of new technologies.
Civil War
War fought from 1861 to 1865 in the United States between Northern & Southern States - mostly over whether or not they could have slaves.
