Civil Rights Movement (1950-1968) Flashcards
What is the Civil Rights Movement (1950-1968)?
The nationwide effort of African Americans to end racial segregation.
What is Jim Crow laws (~1880-1965)(3)?
Local and state laws that barred voting right for blacks, prohibited intermarriage, and enforced racial segregation of public spaces.
What was the outcome of Plessy vs Ferguson?
The supreme court ruled that segregated public spaces were constitutional so long as the separated spaces were equal.
What was the outcome of Brown vs Topeka Board of Education (1954)?
The supreme court ruled that segregating public schools was unconstitutional.
What was the Montgomery Boycott (1955-1956)?
African Americans protesting racial discrimination in Alabama’s public transit system. The year-long boycott started when Rosa Parks was arrested for refusing to give up her seat to a white passenger.
Who were the Little Rock Nine?
The first African American students in Arkansas to attended a newly integrated public school following the Brown vs. Topeka Board of Education ruling.
These students were met with vehement protest by Whites. President Eisenhower had to send in troops to contain the protest and to ensure that Little Rock public schools followed through with integration.
What was the Civil Right Act of 1957?
This legislation established federal protection against states and local governments denying individuals their right to vote.
What is the Civil Rights Acts of 1964?
This legislation outlawed discrimination on the basis of race, gender, religion, or national origin.
What is the Voting Right Act of 1965?
This legislation outlawed discriminatory voting practice such as literacy test as a prerequisite for voting.
What is the Civil Right Act of 1968?
This is also known as the Fair Housing Act. This legislation outlawed discriminatory housing practices on the basis of race, gender, and religion.
What was the outcome of University of California vs. Bakke (1978)?
The Supreme Court upheld legality of Affirmative Action by declaring it appropriate to use race as one of the factors in college admissions.
