Citizenship Flashcards
An ____ is a person who lives in a country where he or she is not a citizen
Alien
An _____ is a person who comes to a new country intending to live there permanently
immigrant
_____ _____ is a person from a foreign nation who has established permanent residence in the US
Resident aliens
A ___ ____ is a person from a foreign country who expects to stay in the US for a short, specified period of time
non-resident
An ___ ___ is a citizen of a nation with which the US is at war
enemy alien
____ are people fleeing to escape persecution or danger
Refugees
An ____ _____ is a person who comes to the US without a legal permit
illegal alien
Congress passed the ___ ___ __ which restricted the admission of Chinese laborers
Chinese Exclusion Act
ALL aliens are required to notify the__ ____ ___ ____ ____` when they change their residence
US Citizenship and Immigration Services`
In 1982, the Supreme Court ruled that the state of ____ couldn’t deny free public education to children of illegal aliens
Texas
In 1882 Congress passed the first major federal immigration law that barred entrance to people such as the ___ ____, ____, and ____
mentally handicapped, convicts, paupers
The Immigration Act of 1924, known as the ___ ___, lowered the number of immigrants allowed and the country to less than 165,000 per year
Johnson Act
The ___ ____ ___ gave countries such as England and Ireland high quotas
National Origins System
___ is a general pardon the government offers to illegal aliens
Amnesty
The law provided a way for illegal immigrants to become permanent residents and citizens, as well as punishment for employers who hire illegal immigrants
Immigration Reform and Control Act of 1986
Aliens who can show that they entered the US before ___ __, and have resided continuously in the country since then may apply for amnesty
Jan 1, 1982
____ ___ is one that applies to a particular person
Private Law
The act established a limit on immigrants from any single country to no more than 7% of the annual visas
Immigration Act of 1990
___ is the legal process by which a person is granted the rights and privileges of a citizen
Naturalization
___ __ __ ___ in 1857 challenged the basis of state citizenship
Dred Scott v. Sanford
There are 3 basic sources of US citizenship
Birth on American soil
Naturalization
Being born to a parent who is a US citizen
Jus Soli is a Latin phrase that means”__ _ __ ___”
“law of the soil”
Jus sanguinis means the “__ __ __ __”
“law of blood”
Immigrants who want to become citizens must meet 5 requirements:
Applicants must have entered the US legally
They must be of good moral character
They must declare their support of the principles of AMerican government
They must prove they can read, write, and speak english (applicants older than 50 and have lived in the US for 20 years are exempt from this requirement)
They must show some basic knowledge of American history and government
will be denied membership to the US:
Draft evades, military deserters, polygamists, anarchists, Communists, or followers of any other totalitarian system
Congress has used collective naturalization 5 times:
1803 people living in the territory gain through the Louisiana Purchase
Florida was purchased in 1819
Republic of Texas was admitted to the Union in 1845
Hawaii in 1900
Residents of Puerto Rico in 1917
___ _____ is a process by which members of a whole group of people, living in the same geographical area, become American citizens through an act of Congress
Collective Naturalization
The simplest way to lose citizenship is through ____, or giving up one’s citizenship by leaving one’s native country to live in a foreign country
expatriation
A person may lose citizenship when convicted of certain federal crimes that involve extreme disloyalty
Crimes include treason, participation in a rebellion, and attempts to overthrow the government through violent means.
The loss of citizenship through fraud or deception during the naturalization process is called ___
denaturalization
