Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

SBL Test 1 > CIS: Skin changes in blood and lymph > Flashcards

CIS: Skin changes in blood and lymph Flashcards

1
Q

What are causes of a Diffuse Maculopapular Rash?

A
  1. Measles
  2. Rubella
  3. Erythema Infectiosum
  4. Infectious mononucleosis
  5. Lyme disease
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

Describe Measles

A
  1. Exposure: day 1
  2. 7-18 days later: prodrome in an unvaccinated patient (fever, cough, coryza, conjunctivis)
  3. 3-4 days after prodrome: brick red maculopapular rash “morbiliform rash” that begins on the face and proceeds “downward and outward” => palms and soles LAST. Lasts 3-5 days
    1. Koplik spots on buccal mucosa = pathognomonic
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

What is pathognomic for measles

A

Koplik spots = but only occur

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

What are complications of measles?

A
  1. Pneumonia
  2. Post-measles encephalitis
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

How is the presentation of Rubella different from Measles?

A

“3 day measles”

Short prodrome and rash only lasts 2-3 days.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

What is fifth disease and who does it occur in?

A
  • Fifth disease => erythema infectionisum => due to parvovirus B19
    • Produces a slapped cheek appearance
    • White around mouth (circumoral pallor)
    • Lacy, maculopapular rash on TRUNK and LIMBS
    • Itchy palms and soles
    • Little fever
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

What is the presentation of erythema infectiosum?

A
  1. Child + red “slapped cheek appearce”
  2. White around mouth “circumoral pallor”
  3. Lacy maculopapular rash on the trunk and limbs
  4. Pruritis in palms and soles
  5. Rarely fever
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

Parvovirus is one the most common causes of _____ in children.

What else can it cause?

A

Myocarditis

=> aplastic crisis and pure RBC aplasia

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

How does parvovirus affect middle aged people (especially women)?

A

Mimics SLE and RA => looks like an inflammatory arthritis

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

What lesion does Lymes Disease produce?

A

Erythema migrans: flat or slightly raised expanding lesion where tick bit => progresses to a bulls-eye lesion (becomes pale in the middle)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

What are the stages of Lymes Disease?

Where is it MC?

A

NE, Mid-Atlantic, Upper Midwest, Pacific coast

  1. Stage 1 (early localized infection): Erythema migrans “bulls eye lesion” + myalgias + HA/fatigue
  2. Stage 2: Early disseminated infections (weeks - months later)
    1. Bacteremia
    2. Secondary lesions (similar to 1st but smaller)
  3. Stage 3: Late persistant infections (months - years): MSK infections => monoarticular, oligoarticular arthritis of knee or weight bearing joints
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

How is the maculopapular rash + vesicle formation seen in Lymes different than shingles?

A

Does NOT follow a dermatomal distrubution

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

Infectious mononucleosis if the MC manifestation of EBV.

  1. How is it transmitted?
  2. What is the incubation period?
  3. MC at what ages?
A
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

Infectious mononucleosis if the MC manifestation of EBV.

  1. How is it transmitted?
  2. What is the incubation period?
  3. MC at what ages?
A
  1. Saliva
  2. 30-50 days
  3. 12-19 YO
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

Other symptoms of infectious mononucleosis

Diagnose how?

A
  1. Fever + malaise
  2. Exudative sore throat: pharyngitis, uvular edema, tonsilittis, gingivitis
  3. Posterior cervical lymphandenopathy

Dx = (+) heterophile aggluttination test (monospot)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

What are common illnesses that manifest with manifest with peripheral skin eruptions?

A
  1. Meningococcemia
  2. Rocky Mountain Spotted Fever
  3. Secondary syphilis
  4. Hand/Foot/Mouth disease
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

Rocky Moutain Spotted Fever

  1. MC caused by
  2. When does it occur
  3. Complication?
A
  1. Rickettsia rickettssi, a parasite of tick, caused by ticks
  2. Late spring - summer
  3. If untreated= 70% chance of mortality
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

Descibe the rash and presentattion of RMSF

A
  1. Cough + pneumonitis
  2. Rash = begins as a faint macule that progresses to large maculopapules/petchiae; begins on wrist and ankles (can involve palms and soles) => spreads to arms, legs and trunk
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

What causes Syphilis?

A

Treponema pallidum, a spirochete, via sexual contact

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

2 major clinical stages of syphilis

A

1. Early (infectious stage)

2. Late syphilis

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

What is this?

A
  • Primary chancre of the tongue + penis seen in early( infectious) stage of syphilis
  • Seen with regional lymphadenopathy
22
Q

What are the 2 clinical stages of syphilis and what lesions do you find?

A

1. Early (infectious) stage = chancres + regional lymphadenapathy

2. Late syphilis = benign gumma lesions on skin, bones and viscera

23
Q

What do you see in Secondary Syphilus?

A
  1. Diffuse maculopapular pustular rash (can be on palms and soles)
  2. Condylomata lata
  3. Mucous patches: painless, silvery ulcers on the mucous membranes + surrounding erythema
24
Q

Describe this lesion and what causes it

A
  1. Hand-foot-mouth disease due to Coxsackievirus A6 or enterovirus infection
  2. Lesion:
    1. ​Football- vesicular rash on palms and soles, surrounded by a red halo
      1. ​also on butt and external genitalia
25
Q

Hallmark of HFMD = football vesicular rash on the palms and soles of feet.

What other findings do we see?

A
  1. Stomatitis
  2. Nail dystrophies + onychomadesis (nail shedding)
  3. Oral erosions of tongue buccal mucosa
26
Q

What are 3 complications of Coxsackievirus?

A
  1. Epidemia pleurodynia: pleuritis chest pain
  2. Aseptic meningitis
  3. Acute pericarditis
27
Q

Causes of Desquamative Skin Changes

A
  1. Toxic Shock Syndrome
  2. Scarlet Fever
  3. Erythema Multiforme
28
Q

Strains of Staph. can produce toxins that cause what?

A
  1. Scalded skin syndrome (esp in children) or bullous impetigo (in adults)
  2. Necrotizing pneumotitis = children
  3. Toxic shock syndrome
  4. Enterotoxin food poisinging
29
Q

Most cases (≥ 90%) of TSS were initially reported in who?

A

Women of childbearing age, especially common within 5 days of the onset of a menstrual period in women who have used tampon

30
Q

Describe Toxic shock syndrme

A
  1. Abrupt onset of Fever/V/D (watery)
  2. Diffuse maculopapular (morbilliform) rash = desquamation (esp in palms and soles) is typical
  3. NON-PURELENT CONJUNCTIVITIS
31
Q

Scarlet Fever is characterized by what?

Due to?

A

Group A Strep Pyogenes

  1. Exudative pharyngitis (sore throat): strawberry tongue, exudative tonsillitis
  2. Fever
  3. Scarlet rash: bright red rash MC on neck, axilla, groin, skin folds. Desquamation occurs on hands + feet
32
Q

What do you see on labs in scarlet fever?

A
  1. Group A beta-hemolytic strep on culture
  2. Anti-streptolysin O titer rise
33
Q

what is this

A

Erythema Multiforme “target lesion” MC due to Herpes Simplex (HSV) and Mycoplasma pneumonia

  • Skin and mucus membranes: on face and extremities
  • MC in male kids and yound adults
34
Q

Describe the onset of Erythema Multiforme

A
  1. No prodome. If sx ==> URI
  2. REVIEW the past 3 weeks to ID cause: HSV, respiratory symptoms, or influenza illness
35
Q

Erythema Multiforme majus that are NON-cutaneous occur where and often due to ________

A

Mucosal lesions MCC by M. pneumoniae, most often in oral cavity: Lips, hard palate is spared.

36
Q

What causes Vesicular and Bullous lesions

A

1. Varicella

2. Pemphigus

37
Q

What is this?

A

Varicella chicken pox

  • Highly contagious rash that begins on face/scalp => trunks (SPARES extremities)
  • Scattered
  • Progresses from: rose colored macules => papules, vesicles, pustules + crusts
  • Lesions seen at all different stages
    *
38
Q

What is this

A

Varicella chicken pox: remember they becomes papules, vesicles, pustules and crust

39
Q

what is this?

what makes these lesions worse

A
  • Pemphigus vulgaris: PRURITIC + PAINFUL fragile large bulla that have a tendency to spread at periphery
  • UV radiation
40
Q

What causes Petechial and Purpuric Lesions

A
  1. Gonococcemia
  2. Meningococcemia
  3. Thrombotic thrombocytopenic purpura
41
Q

bullous pemphigus have a ____ origin

42
Q

What is gonoccemia?

A

Disseminated gonococcal infection (spread from primary sites => other parts of body via blood stream)

43
Q

Classic triad of gonoccemia

A
  1. Dermatitis (small - medium sized macules or vesicopustules with red base on PALMS and SOLES. May develop a necrotic center and hemorrage, forming a “gun metal grey lesion”. if on palms and soles => tender. if not, painless)
  2. Migratory polyarthritis
  3. Tenosynovitis
44
Q

what is this?

45
Q

what is this?

A

Acute meniingococemia with DIC => pupura fulminans: retiform purpura + necrosis of skin that can cause gangrene of digits and distal extremeities => may need amputation

46
Q

Pentad of TTP

A
  1. MIHA
  2. Thrombocytopenia
  3. Neurologic symptoms
  4. Fever
  5. Renal failure
47
Q

TTP is MC at what age and MC in who?

A

40YO

Blacks

48
Q

what is this

49
Q

BCC is MC where?

A
  1. Back
  2. Chest
  3. Lower legs

Bleeds

50
Q

SCC presents as what?

A
  1. Red, warty nodule that can ulcerate (nonhealing)
  2. Keratinization.
  3. Common on hand
51
Q

What is the most sensitive at predicting the metastatic potentia of a melnoma?

A

COLOR

  1. Black = necrotic
  2. Blue = deeper
  3. White = ischemia, fibrosis, deeper invasion

SBL Test 1 (15 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2025 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions