Chemotherapy Drugs Flashcards
How can we test whether a gene is a tumor suppressor or not?
Creating knockout mice - knockout gene and see if mice gets tumor.
Why do chemotherapy drugs cause systemic SE?
Cytoxic drugs used to eradicate/control cancer cells, however, they also destroy
What are the 2 arrest points in the cell cycle?
How do we override arrest of the G1 and G2 arrest point?
- G1: looks for oncogene. If (+) => push past G1
- G2: looks for tumor supressor. If not present, push past G2.
Most common in advanced cancers where no alternative treatment exists.
the use of chemotherapy in patients with localized cancer for which alternative local therapies, such as surgery, exist but which have been shown to be less than completely effective.”
Difference between Neoadjuvant / Adjuvant Chemotherapy
Neoadjuvant chemotherapy is given before surgery: goal is to reduce the size of the tumor before surgical resection.
“Adjuvant” chemotherapy will be given after surgery to prevent relapse.
Cancer cells with high expression of p-Glycoprotein show
High resistance to “natural products” (eg plant products, or anything PGP has a receptor for).
What is primary/inherent chemotherapeutic resistance?
Resistant to a drug WITHOUT prior exposure
What is aquired chemotherapeutic resistance?
What is the reason for pharmocologic barrier sites, like the BBB and the placental-blood barrier and tissues with barriers (kidneys, liver and GI tract)?
High expression of PGP (p-Glycoprotein)/MDR1 = causes resistances to natural prodcuts
Chemotherapy drugs have ____ therapeutic index: _____ doses are needed to maximized rapid death of cancer cells
What cells are most susceptable to AE of chemo?
Anti-metabolites
Anti-folate drugs
MOA
MOA: Folic acid analogs that
- Methotrexate
- Pemetrexed
- Pralatrexate
M
what cancer drugs prevent thymidine synthesis => block dNA synthesis at the S phase
- Methotrexate
- Hydroxurea
- 5- fluorouracil
