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CAPS 391 Final > Circulatory System (Veins) > Flashcards

Circulatory System (Veins) Flashcards

1
Q

What are the 3 major cardiac veins?

A

greater cardiac vein
middle cardiac vein
small cardiac vein

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2
Q

What do the the 3 major cardiac veins drain into?

A

drain into coronary sinus located in coronary sulcus on inferior surface of heart

coronary sinus drains into right atrium

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3
Q

Where is the greater cardiac vein?

A

located in anterior interventricular sulcus

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4
Q

Where is the middle cardiac vein?

A

runs in posterior ventricular sulcus

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5
Q

Where is the small cardiac vein?

A

follows right side of coronary sulcus

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6
Q

Where are superficial veins?

A

contained within superficial fascia, and eventually drain into deep veins

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7
Q

Where are deep veins?

A

usually follow the course of synonymous arteries

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8
Q

Venous Drainage of Head and Neck

Where are the superficial veins of the brain collected?

A

collected by dural sinuses

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9
Q

Venous Drainage of Head and Neck

What are dural sinuses?

A

venous channels between two layers of cranial dura mater

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10
Q

Venous Drainage of Head and Neck

What are dural sinuses named based on?

A

shape, location, direction

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11
Q

Venous Drainage of Head and Neck

What are the 6 dural sinuses?

A
  • cavernous sinuses
  • superior sagittal sinus
  • inferior sagittal sinus
  • straight sinus
  • transverse sinuses
  • sigmoid sinuses
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12
Q

Venous Drainage of Head and Neck

What are the cavernous sinuses? Where are they?

What do they collect?

A

pair of sinuses located in middle cranial fossa on either side of hypophyseal fossa of sphenoid bone

collect venous blood of orbital cavity contents

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13
Q

Venous Drainage of Head and Neck

What is the superior sagittal sinus? Where is it?

A

unpaired sinus contained within superior margin of falx cerebri

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14
Q

Venous Drainage of Head and Neck

What is the inferior sagittal sinus? Where is it?

A

unpaired sinus contained within inferior margin of falx cerebri

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15
Q

Venous Drainage of Head and Neck

What is the straight sinus?

What does it join?

A

unpaired short sinus that receives posterior end of inferior sagittal sinus and great cerebral vein

joins posterior end of superior sagittal sinus

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16
Q

Venous Drainage of Head and Neck

What are transverse sinuses?
Where are they?
What do they receive?

A

paired sinuses housed in posterior margin of tentorium cerebelli

receive superior sagittal and straight sinuses

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17
Q

Venous Drainage of Head and Neck

What are sigmoid sinuses?
Where are they?
What do they receive?

A

paired sinuses located in groove on interior surface of mastoid process of temporal bones

receive all other dural sinuses (directly or indirectly) and empty into internal jugular veins

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18
Q

Venous Drainage of Head and Neck

What are the 3 main veins?

A
  • deep veins
  • internal jugular vein
  • anterior and external jugular veins (superficial veins)
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19
Q

Venous Drainage of Head and Neck

What are deep veins of the brain received by?

A

great cerebral vein, that in turn drains into straight sinus

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20
Q

Venous Drainage of Head and Neck

Where does the internal jugular vein start and travel?

What does it join?

A

starts at level of jugular foramen as continuation of sigmoid sinus, and travels with internal and then common carotid arteries

joins subclavian vein behind sternoclavicular joint to form brachiocephalic vein

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21
Q

Venous Drainage of Head and Neck

What are the anterior and external jugular veins?

A

superficial veins

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22
Q

Venous Drainage of Head and Neck

What do anterior and external jugular veins receive?

Where do they drain?

A

receive venous blood of posterior part of scalp, superior part of neck

eventually drain into subclavian vein

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23
Q

Venous Drainage of Upper Limb

What is venous blood of the upper limb collected by

A

deep and superficial veins

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24
Q

Venous Drainage of Upper Limb - Deep

What are deep veins synonymous with?

A

arteries

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25
Q

Venous Drainage of Upper Limb - Deep

Where do deep veins of the arms empty

A

axillary vein

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26
Q

Venous Drainage of Upper Limb - Deep

What does the axillary vein continue as, and where?

A

axillary vein continues as subclavian vein after lateral border of rib I

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27
Q

Venous Drainage of Upper Limb - Deep

What forms the brachiocephalic vein?

A

subclavian vein joins internal jugular vein

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28
Q

Venous Drainage of Upper Limb - Deep

What are tributaries of axillary and subclavian veins?

A

same as branches of synonymous arteries

29
Q

Venous Drainage of Upper Limb - Deep

What superficial vein does the axillary vein receive?

A

cephalic vein

30
Q

Venous Drainage of Upper Limb - Deep

Which superficial vein does the subclavian vein receive?

A

external jugular vein

31
Q

Venous Drainage of Upper Limb - Superficial

What are the 2 superficial veins?

A

cephalic vein
Basilic vein

32
Q

Venous Drainage of Upper Limb - Superficial

Where are cephalic veins?

A

travel on lateral side of forearm

ascends on lateral arm, passes through muscular groove between deltoid and pectoralis major muscles, deltopectoral groove, and drains into axillary vein

33
Q

Venous Drainage of Upper Limb - Superficial

Where are basilic veins?

A

travel on medial side of forearm

penetrates deep fascia at distal arm, ascends on medial side of arm, and continues as axillary vein after crossing inferior border of teres major muscle

34
Q

Venous Drainage of Upper Limb - Superficial

What do superficial veins arise from?

How are they connected to each other?

A

dorsal venous plexus on dorsum of hand

usually connected with each other by median cubital vein at level of cubital fossa

35
Q

Venous Drainage of Thorax

What are the 4 veins?

A

pulmonary vein
superior vena cava
anterior intercostal vein
posterior intercostal vein

36
Q

Venous Drainage of Thorax

What are the pulmonary veins?

A

pair of veins receiving oxygenated blood from each lung and drain into left atrium

37
Q

Venous Drainage of Thorax

What is the superior vena cava formed by?

A

union of left and right brachiocephalic veins behind right first costal cartilage and drains into right atrium

38
Q

Venous Drainage of Thorax

What does the superior vena cava receive?

A

receives venous blood of head, neck, upper limbs, and thorax (except heart)

39
Q

Venous Drainage of Thorax

What do anterior and posterior intercostal veins do?

A

drain venous blood of thoracic wall

40
Q

Venous Drainage of Thorax

What are anterior intercostal veins collected by?

A

internal thoracic veins that then empty into brachiocephalic vein

41
Q

Venous Drainage of Thorax

What does the right side of the posterior intercostal vein drain into?

A

azygus vein

42
Q

Venous Drainage of Thorax

What does the left side of the posterior intercostal vein split into?

A

upper posterior intercostal vein

lower posterior intercostal vein

43
Q

Venous Drainage of Thorax

What does the upper posterior intercostal vein drain into?

A

accessory hemyazygus vein

44
Q

Venous Drainage of Thorax

What does the lower posterior intercostal vein drain into?

A

hemyazygus vein

45
Q

Venous Drainage of Thorax

What do the hemiazygus and accessory hemiazygus veins drain into?

A

cross midline to drain into azygus vein, that then empties into superior vena cava

46
Q

Venous Drainage of Abdomen

What is the inferior vena cava formed by?

A

union of left and right common iliac veins at level of vertebra LV

47
Q

Venous Drainage of Abdomen

Where is the inferior vena cava?

A

ascends on right side of abdominal aorta on posterior abdominal wall and behind the liver

then passes through diaphragm at level of vertebra TVIII and enters right atrium

48
Q

Venous Drainage of Abdomen

What does the inferior vena cava receive?

A

venous blood of lower limbs, pelvis, and abdomen (except abdominal part of GI tract, pancreas, and spleen)

49
Q

Hepatic Portal Circulation

Describe venous blood returning from alimentary canal below diaphragm.

A

rich in nutrients and must be delivered to liver
for further processing

50
Q

Hepatic Portal Circulation

Where does venous blood of the liver empty?

A

into inferior vena cava through hepatic veins

51
Q

Hepatic Portal Circulation

What does the hepatic portal vein do?

A

transports venous blood from abdominal esophagus, stomach and large intestines, pancreas and spleen to liver

52
Q

Hepatic Portal Circulation

What is the hepatic portal vein formed by?

A

union of superior mesenteric and splenic veins behind neck of pancreas

53
Q

Hepatic Portal Circulation

Where does the splenic vein form?

A

at hilum of splee

54
Q

Hepatic Portal Circulation

What does the splenic vein receive venous blood from?

A

spleen and parts of stomach and pancreas

55
Q

Hepatic Portal Circulation

What vein does the splenic vein receive?

What does it collect?

A

inferior mesenteric vein that collects venous blood of splenic flexure, descending colon, sigmoid colon, and rectum

56
Q

Hepatic Portal Circulation

What does the superior mesenteric vein collect venous blood from?

A

small intestine (except upper half of duodenum), cecum, appendix, ascending colon, and transverse colon

57
Q

Venous Drainage of Pelvis

What are the 2 veins?

A

internal iliac vein

external iliac vein

58
Q

Venous Drainage of Pelvis

What does the internal iliac vein receive venous blood from?

A

pelvis, through tributaries that follow synonymous arterial branches

59
Q

Venous Drainage of Pelvis

What is the external iliac vein?

A

continuation of femoral vein

60
Q

Venous Drainage of Pelvis

What does the external iliac vein join with? What does it form?

A

joins internal iliac vein to form common iliac vein

61
Q

Venous Drainage of Lower Limb

What is venous blood of the lower leg collected by?

A

deep and superficial veins

62
Q

Venous Drainage of Lower Limb - Deep

What are the deep veins?

A

synonymous with arteries

63
Q

Venous Drainage of Lower Limb - Deep

What does the deep vein empty into?

A

empty into femoral vein (except gluteal region veins that are drained into internal iliac vein)

64
Q

Venous Drainage of Lower Limb - Deep

What does the femoral vein receive?

What does it continue as?

A

receives great saphenous vein below inguinal ligament, and continues as external iliac vein after passing deep to inguinal ligament

65
Q

Venous Drainage of Lower Limb - Superficial

What are the 2 superficial veins?

A

great saphenous vein

small saphenous vein

66
Q

Venous Drainage of Lower Limb - Superficial

Where is the great saphenous vein?

A

travel on medial side of leg

ascends on medial thigh, and drains into femoral vein

67
Q

Venous Drainage of Lower Limb - Superficial

Where is the small saphenous vein?

A

travel on posterior side of leg

penetrates deep fascia of popliteal fossa, and drains into popliteal vein

68
Q

Venous Drainage of Lower Limb - Superficial

What do superficial veins arise from?

A

dorsal venous plexus on dorsum of foot

CAPS 391 Final (17 decks)

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