Circulatory System Flashcards
responsible for transporting materials throughout the entire body.
Circulatory System
It transports nutrients, water, and oxygen to your billions of body cells and carries away wastes such as carbon dioxide that body cells produce
Circulatory System
It is an amazing highway that travels through your entire body connecting all your body cells.
Circulatory System
Components Circulatory System:
Heart
Blood
Vessels
• Arteries
• Veins
• Capillaries
Which gases are transported to and from the body’s cells by the blood flowing in the circulatory system?
Oxygen
is the gas needed for respiration and is transported to the body’s cells
Oxygen
The circulatory system carries two types of blood:
Oxygen-rich blood
Oxygen-poor blood
Blood travelling to the body cells, High oxygen content, Low carbon dioxide content
Oxygen-rich blood
Blood travelling away from the body cells, Low oxygen content, high carbon dioxide content
Oxygen-poor blood
Arrangement of the circulatory system means that these two types of blood are?
Not mixed
the organ at the centre of the circulatory system.
Heart
heart is divided into two sections:
Oxygen-poor blood (R)
Oxygen-rich blood (L)
Right side of the heart contain what kind of blood?
Oxygen-poor blood
Left side of the heart contain what kind of the blood?
Oxygen-rich blood
Covers the heart and large blood vessels attached to the heart
Pericardium
Innermost layer; Directly on the heart
Visceral Pericardium
Layer on top of the visceral pericardium
Parietal Pericardium
Protective sac of connective tissue; Surrounds the heart and filled with fluid
Pericardium
Outermost layer a fat to cushion heart
Epicardium
Heart coverings:
Pericardium
Visceral Pericardium
Parietal Pericardium
Middle layer and primarily cardiac muscle
Myocardium
Innermost layer and thin and smooth it stretches as the heart pump
Endocarduim
The muscle of the heart
Myocardium
Strong and thick it is composed of spontaneously contracting cardiac muscle fibers
Myocardium
Can conduct electricity like nerves
Myocardium
It’s blood supply comes from the coronary arteries.
Myocardium
The right and left sides of the heart are separated by?
Septum (wall)
prevents the mixing of oxygen rich and oxygen poor blood.
Septum
Each side of the septum are?
Two chambers
What is the upper chamber of the septum
Atrium
What do the upper chamber of septum does?
Receives blood
Heart walls:
Epicardium
Myocardium
Endocardium
What is the lower chamber of the ventricle
Right and left Ventricle
What do the lower chamber of the septum does?
Pumps blood out of heart
Four chambers of heart:
Right and left atrium
Left and right ventricle
Collect the blood that enters the heart
Atria
The valves between the atria and ventricles are connected to the inner walls of the heart by?
Tendons
The tendons allow the valves to___________ and hold the valve in place. They prevent the_________ from______________________.
close
valves
flipping up and turning inside out
acts like a door that only opens in one direction.
Valve
The heart can pump blood because it is made of?
Muscle
Muscle tissue works by?
Contracting (squeezing)
Relaxing
One complete sequence of contraction and relaxation is called a?
Heartbeat
3 types of blood vessels:
Arteries
Capillaries
Veins
Carry blood away from the heart.
Arteries
Link arterioles to veins.
Capillaries
Carry blood towards the heart.
Veins
Large vessels
Arteries
Carry blood from heart to tissues of body. Carry oxygen rich blood, with the exception of pulmonary arteries.
Arteries
Thick walls-need to withstand pressure procedure when heart pushes blood into them.
Arteries
Smallest blood vessels
Capillaries
Walls are only one cell thick and very narrow.
Capillaries
Important for bringing nutrients and oxygen to tissues and absorbing CO and other waste products.
Capillaries
Once blood has passed through the capillary systems it must be returned to the heart. Done by?
Veins
Walls contains connective tissue and smooth muscle.
Veins
contain one way valves that keep blood flowing toward heart.
Largest veins
Many found near skeletal muscles. When muscles contract, blood is forced through?
Veins
The heart produces pressure. The force of blood on the wall of the arteries is known as?
Blood pressure
decreases as the heart relaxes, but the rest of the circulatory system is still under pressure.
Blood pressure
When it is taken, the cuff is wrapped around the upper portion of the arm and pumped with air until blood flow in the artery is blocked.
Blood pressure
the first number taken, is the force felt in the arteries when the ventricles contract.
Systolic Pressure
the second number taken, is the force of the blood on the arteries when the ventricles relax.
Diastolic Pressure
What percent of your body is blood?
8%
How much blood do we contain?
4-6 liters
We contain about a pint of blood for every?
15 pounds of body weight
What percent of your blood is cellular
45%
What percent of your blood is plasma?
55%
Composed of plasma and blood cells
Blood
Types of Cells are:
Red blood cells
White blood cells
Platelets
Plasma
Straw colored
90% water
10% disolved gases, salts, nutrients, emzymes,hormoness, wastes, and proteins.
3 types of plasma proteins:
Albumis
Globulins
Fibrinogen
transport substances such as fatty acids, hormones and vitamins.
Albumins and Globulins
Responsible for blood’s ability to clot
Fibrinogen
Most numerous type and transport oxygen
Red blood cells
Get color from hemoglobin and Disk shaped
Red blood cells
Made in red bone marrow and Circulate for 120 days
Red blood cells
Red blood cells are colored by the?
Hemoglobin
Red blood cell are made of?
Red bone marrow
Guard against infection, fight parasites, and attack bacteria
White blood cells
What increases when body is fighting
White blood cells
produce antibodies which fight pathogens and remember them
Lymphocytes
Aids the body in clotting
Platelets
Small fragments and stick to edge of broken blood cell and secrete clotting factor to help form clot.
Platelets
Blood has 3 main Cells Functions
Transport
Protection
Temperature Regulation
