Circulatory System Flashcards
- transports the oxygenated blood from the heart and lungs all throughout the body thru the arteries, and then the oxygen depleted blood is returned to its origin thru the help of the veins.
The circulatory system
- helps in the coagulation process, regulates the body temperature and assists the body in fighting diseases.
The circulatory system
Two main components of the circular system are?
Cardiovascular system and lymphatic system
- hollow muscular organ
- four chambers (left atrium, right atrium, left ventricles, and right ventricles)
- surrounded by pericardium (thin, fluid-filled sac)
- about the same size as of a man’s clenched fist
- Less than 1 lb. (250 to 350 grams)
Heart
Layers of the heart:
* thin, watery membrane in the outer layer of the heart.
* Function: covers the heart and attached to the pericardium
Epicardium
Layers of the heart:
* thick layer of cardiac muscles in the middle layer of the heart.
* Function: pumps blood to the arteries by contracting.
Myocardium
Layers of the heart:
* thin layer of epithelial cells in the inner layer of the heart.
* Function: lines the valves and interior chambers.
endocardium
Chambers of the heart:
- upper right chamber
* Function: Receives deoxygenated blood from the body.
Right atrium
Chambers of the heart:
* lower right chamber
* Function: Receives the blood from the right atrium and pumps into pulmonary artery.
Right ventricle
Chambers of the heart:
* upper left chamber
* Function: Receives oxygenated blood from the lungs and pumps it into the left ventricle.
left atrium
Chambers of the heart:
* lower left chamber
* Function: Receives blood from the left atrium and pumps it into the aorta.
left ventricle
Valves of the heart:
* tricuspid valve which is located between the right atrium and right ventricle.
* Function: Closes as the right ventricles contracts preventing blood from flowing back to the right atrium.
Right AV Valve
Valves of the heart:
* bicuspid or mitral valve which is located between the left atrium and left ventricle.
* Function: Closes as the left ventricles contracts preventing blood from flowing back to the left atrium
Left AV valve
Valves of the heart:
* pulmonary or pulmonic valve located at the entrance of the pulmonary artery.
* Function: Closes when the right ventricle relaxes preventing blood from flowing back to the right
ventricle
Right semilunar valve
Valves of the heart:
* aortic valve located at the entrance of the aorta.
* Function: Closes when the left ventricle relaxes preventing blood from flowing back to the left ventricle
Left semilunar valve
partition that separates the right
from the left atria.
Interatrial septum
separates the right and the
left ventricles.
interventricular septum
Two septa?
Interatrial septum
Interventricular septum
receives blood supply thru the left and right coronary arteries, and coronary veins return the oxygen depleted blood from the heart muscle back to the heart
coronary circulation
- the Coronary circulation supplies the blood and also provides drainage from the tissues.
- composed of the left and right coronary arteries and coronary veins
Heart function
Systole (contraction) & diastole (relaxation) which lasts about 0.8 seconds
cardiac cycle
Sends electric impulses throughout the myocardium which is initiated by the Sinoatrial (SA) node (pacemaker)
Electrical conduction system
Provides the graphical representation of the cardiac cycle’s activity
electrocardiogram (ECG)
“lubb” which is the first sound as the ventricles contract or the AV valves close and “dupp” or the second sound which is heard when the semilunar valves close and the ventricles relax.
Origin of heart sounds