Circulatory System Flashcards
Name all the 3 types of capillaries & their locations
1.Fenestrated-intestinal villi,kidney glomeruli,endocrine glands(pancreas)
2.Continuous-skin,muscle,nervous & connective tissue
3.Discontinuous-liver,bone marrow,spleen
Fetal circulation adaptations
1.Foramen ovals-bypass pulmonary circulation
2.Ductus arteriosus- also bypass pulmonary circulation(maintained by PROSTAGLANDION,podused by placenta)
3.Ductus venosus-bypass liver circulation
Transition to adult i.e removal of fetal circulation adaptations
1.INCREASE IN relative pressure in L.Atrium>R.Atrium causes the FORAMEN OVALE to close,as baby takes 1st breath there is a decrease in pulmonary vasculature pressure.
2.DECREASE IN PROSTAGLANDINS due to increase in oxygen concentrations in the blood,also placenta which produces the chemical is removed.Hence closure of the ductus arteriosus & venosus
Name the branches of the aortic arch
1.Brachiocephalic artery-divides into the R.common carotid artery and the R.subclavian artery
2.Left subclavian artery
3.Left common carotid artery
Name the features,function and location of elastic arteries
Features; Lots of elastic tissue in tunica media
Function;accommodate high pulsatile forces *high b.p
Location;aorta & its branches,pulmonary trunk, common iliac artery
Name the features,function and location of muscular arteries
Features: Lots of smooth muscles in the tunica media,elastic fibers btwn the tunica intima & media
Function; Allows for vasoconstriction and vasodilation
Location;most vessels arising from the aorta
What are the different parts of the descending aorta & its location
1.Thoracic artery-above diaphragm
2.Abdominal artery-below diaphragm
LOCATION:In the posterior mediastinum, vertebral level T12
Name the 2 main features of the carotid artery & their locations
1.CAROTID BODY-The chemoreceptor
-at the bifurcation of the common carotid artery
2.CAROTD SINUS-The baroreceptor
-at the proximal internal carotid artery;just below the bifurcation
