Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

Biology > Circulatory System > Flashcards

Circulatory System Flashcards

You may prefer our related Brainscape-certified flashcards:
AP® Biology flashcards Biology 101 flashcards
1
Q

What is the circulatory system?

A

A network of blood vessels (arteries, capillaries, veins), heart and lungs

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

What does the circulatory system do?

A

Transports substances the body needs such as oxygen and glucose

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

What kind of system is the circulatory system?

A

A closed system
-blood remains in these structures

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

What is a single circulatory system like?

A

-mainly found in fish
-maintains low blood pressure
-blood is pumped from the heart to oxygenate the gills
-single circulation (flows through heart once)
-two chambered heart (one atrium and one ventricle

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

What is a double circulatory system like?

A

Mainly found in mamals and birds

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

What does the pulmonary circuit do?

A

Pumps deoxygenated blood from the heart to capillaries into the lungs.

O2 from the alveoli will diffuse in CO2

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

What does the systemic circuit do?

A

Pumps oxygenated blood out of the heart to the rest of the body

C6H12O6
Respiration

Glucose + 6O2 —> 6CO2 + 6H2O
ATP

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

What is the order of

A

Heart —> Arteries —> capillaries —> veins —> Heart

Loops

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

What do arteries do?

A

Arteries pump oxygenated blood AWAY from the pulmonary artery to the rest of the body

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

About arteries

A

-fast flow to the rest of the body
-thick layer of muscle and elastic fibres to maintain the bloods high pressure
Stretch + recoil
Stretch = vessel to expand
Recoil = pushes blood forward
-thick outer walls to withstand high blood pressure -avoids it bursting
-narrow lumen to maintains the high blood pressure
-smooth endothelial lining - reduces friction between blood flow and vessel

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

About veins

A

-thick layer of muscle and elastic fibres
-has valves to prevent back flow of blood -flowing at low pressure
-smooth endothelial lining - reduces friction between blood flow and vessel
-wider lumen to allow for low blood pressure, low resistance

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

What do veins do

A

Carries deoxygenated blood in to the heart from the rest of the body -except for the pulmonary vein

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

What do capillaries do?

A

Capillaries are where gas/nutrient exchange occur
-the most abundant
-reach all cells in the body

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

About capillaries

A

One cell thick endothelial wall
-shorter diffusion distance = faster rate of diffusion
-semi permeable-small gaps between the cells which allows substances to move out
-very narrow lumen to slow the blood flow
-one blood cell at one time for more efficient exchange of materials

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

How is blood pumped through arteries?

A

Blood is first pumped into the artery which caused the elastic tissue to stretch
-muscles in the walls of the artery will contract causing the elastic fibres to recoil - push the blood forward

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

How do valves work?

A

All veins are surrounded by skeletal muscles when you contract your skeletal muscle you open the valve in the vein so blood can move through

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

Arteries characteristics:

A

Function:
Pump oxygenated blood away from the pulmonary artery

Pressure:
High

Lumen diameter:
Narrow

Wall thickness:
Thick

Muscle and elastic fibres:
Thick layer

Valves:
Does not have

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

Characteristics of veins:

A

Function:
Carry deoxygenated blood in to the heart from the rest of the body

Pressure:
Low

Lumen diameter:
Wide

Wall thickness:
Thin

Muscle and elastic fibres:
Thick layer

Valves:has

19
Q

Capillaries characteristics:

A

Function:
Where has/ nutrient exchange occurs

Pressure:
Very low

Lumen diameter:
Very narrow

Wall thickness:
Thin

Muscle and elastic fibres:
None

Valves:
Does not have

20
Q

What is the pulmonary?

A

Deoxygenated blood is carried to the lungs (alveoli) where red blood cells become oxygenated —> carried back to the heart

21
Q

What is systemic?

A

Oxygenated blood is pumped to the rest of the body under high pressure

22
Q

What is the cardiac muscle:

A

Specialised cells which increase the concentration of mitochondria - ATP for contraction (pumping)

23
Q

Coronary arteries:

A

Bring oxygenated blood to the heart

24
Q

How many chambers is the heart separated into?

A

Four

25
Q

What do atriums do?

A

Receive blood

26
Q

What do ventricles do?

A

Pump blood out of the heart

27
Q

What does the septum do?

A

Prevents mixing of oxygenated and deoxygenated blood

28
Q

What does the left ventricle do?

A

Ventricle muscle pumps blood at high pressure to the rest of the body

29
Q

How is the left and right ventricle structurally different?

A

The left ventricle is thicker -has more muscle- mass I pump blood to the rest of the body- high pressure

30
Q

What is the bicuspid?

A

A valve separating the left atrium and left ventricle

31
Q

What is the tricuspid?

A

A valve separating the right atrium and right ventricle

32
Q

What does the vena cava do?

A

Carries deoxygenated blood from the rest of the body to the heart

33
Q

What does the pulmonary vein do?

A

Carries oxygen from the lungs to the heart

34
Q

What does the aorta do?

A

Carries oxygenated blood to the rest of the body under high pressure (Left)

35
Q

What does the pulmonary artery do?

A

Carries oxygenated blood to the lungs away from the heart (Right)

36
Q

What are the semi lunar valves?

A

They’re the valves which separate the pulmonary artery from the right ventricle.

And

The valve that separates the aorta from the left ventricle.

37
Q

What does blood do?

A

Transports oxygen,carbon dioxide, nutrients and products of metabolism

38
Q

What are used of blood?

A

-prevents infection
-prevents blood loss
-maintains gisomatic pressure
-regulates temperature (distributes heat)
-maintains pH

39
Q

What is plasma?

A

-plasma is a straw coloured liquid that is 90% water

40
Q

What is the role of plasma?

A

Carry dissolved nutrients (salts,ions) waste products (CO2, Urea), hormones, antibodies, glucose

41
Q

What do platelets do?

A

Platelets are involved in blood clotting
-prevents blood loss
-prevents entry if harmful pathogens

42
Q

What is haemophilia?

A

Low platelet count

43
Q

What do white blood cells do?

A

They are Involved in the immune system.
1-phallocyte—>engulf microorganisms in debris (digest)

2-lymphocyte—> antibodies

[carry oxygen around the body{
[have haemoglobin that bind to oxygen to form oxyhaemoglobin]

Biology (11 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions