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Biology > B3 > Flashcards

B3 Flashcards

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1
Q

What do sensory neurones do?

A

Carry electrical impulses from receptor cells to the CNS

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2
Q

What do relay neurones do?

A

Carry electrical impulses from sensory neurones to motor neurones

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3
Q

What do motor neurones do?

A

Carry electrical impulses from the CNS to effectors

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4
Q

What are effectors?

A

Muscles and glands

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5
Q

What is the direction of impulse on a neurone?

A

From the dendrites to axon

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6
Q

What is a change in environment?

A

A stimulus

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7
Q

What do receptor cells in the eye detect?

A

Light

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8
Q

What do receptor cells in the mouth detect?

A

Taste

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9
Q

What do receptor cells in the skin detect?

A

Pressure and temperature

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10
Q

What do receptor cells in the nose detect?

A

Smell and taste

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11
Q

Summary of a nervous reaction

A

Stimulus —> receptor cells —> sensory neurone —> spinal cord —> brain —> motor neurone —> effector —> response

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12
Q

What does insulin do?

A

Insulin turns glucose into glycogen

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13
Q

Type 1 diabetes

A

When the pancreas produces little or no insulin

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14
Q

Type 2 diabetes

A

When a person becomes resistant to insulin (their body doesn’t respond properly to the hormone)

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15
Q

What does your body do when it’s too hot

A

Vasodilation

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16
Q

What does your body do when you’re too cold

A

Vasoconstriction

17
Q

What happens in vasoconstriction

A

-Erector muscles contract. Hairs stand in end to trap an insulating layer of air, which help Kees you warm.
-very little sweat is produced
-blood vessels near the surface of the skin constrict(narrow)
-less blood flows near the surface, so less energy is transferred to the surroundings
-when you’re cold you shiver too(your muscles contract automatically) this needs respiration which transfers some energy to warm the body

18
Q

What happens in vasodilation

A

-Erector muscles relax, so hairs lie flat.
-lots of sweat is produced. When the sweat is evaporated it transfers energy from your skin to the environment,cooling you down

19
Q

What does insulin do?

A

Makes liver turn glucose into glycogen

20
Q

What does glucagon do?

A

Makes liver turn glycogen into glucose

Biology (11 decks)

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