circulatory system

Question 1

what does the circulatory system consist of?

Answer 1

• the heart
• blood vessels
• blood
• lymphatic system

Question 2

does the arteries take blood away or to the heart

Answer 2

away

Question 3

the arteries take blood ___ from the heart, they divid into _____ which reunite to form ____ which bring blood ____

Answer 3

away, capillaries, veins, back

Question 4

where is the heart situated?

Answer 4

behind the sternum in the chest cavity between the lungs

Question 5

which side does the apex of the heart point towards?

Answer 5

the left side

Question 6

what are the 2 grooves on the outside of the heart?

Answer 6

the coronary arteries and veins

Question 7

what is the function of the coronary vessels?

Answer 7

they bring oxygen and nutrients to the cells of the heart so it can function and they remove waste products from the heart cells

Question 8

what are the upper chambers of the heart called

Answer 8

atria

Question 9

what are the lower chambers of the heart called

Answer 9

ventricles

Question 10

does the atria receive or pump blood?

Answer 10

it receives

Question 11

what is the valve on the left side of the heart called

Answer 11

bicuspid or mitral

Question 12

what is the valve on the right side called

Answer 12

tricuspid

Question 13

why are the ventricle walls of the left side thicker than those on the right?

Answer 13

it needs to contract strongly to pump blood to the whole

body

Question 14

describe what the septum is

Answer 14

it is very thick and separates the two sides of the heart so the oxygenated blood and deoxygenated blood never mixes

Question 15

what arteries take blood to the head

Answer 15

carotid

Question 16

which arteries take blood to the arms

Answer 16

subclavian

Question 17

which arteries take blood to the kidneys

Answer 17

renal

Question 18

why are artery walls thicker than veins

Answer 18

arteries carry blood under high pressure

Question 19

why do the veins have thinner walls than the arteries

Answer 19

they carry blood under low pressure

Question 20

what is plasma called after it is forced out into the tissue from the capillary

Answer 20

tissue fluid

Question 21

what are lymph nodes

Answer 21

they filter the tissue fluid and produce antibodies as well as white blood cells called lymphocytes and monocytes

Question 22

what is the lymphatic system

Answer 22

is a network of tissues and organs that rid the body of toxins, waste and other unwanted materials

Question 23

what is the function of the lymphatic system

Answer 23

to transport lymph throughout the body

Question 24

what is lymph

Answer 24

is a fluid containing infection fighting white blood cells

Question 25

what does the spleen do if it detects dangerous bacteria

Answer 25

it produces lymphocytes which act as defenders against foreign microorganisms

Question 26

what is the function of plasma

Answer 26

transports glucose, amino acids and blood proteins and waste products

Question 27

red blood cells are the ___ cells of the body

Answer 27

smallest

Question 28

what is the function of red blood cells

Answer 28

to transport oxygen in the form of oxy-haemoglobin

Question 29

what are white blood cells responsible for

Answer 29

protecting the body against infections and diseases

Question 30

what is the function of platelets

Answer 30

they heal any wounds or damaged areas of the blood vessels

Question 31

name the 2 functions of blood tissue

Answer 31

1. to transport dissolved nutrient, gases,hormones and nitrogenous waste
2. thermoregulation

Question 32

explain thermoregulation

Answer 32

above 37°- blood cells near the surface dilate to allow heat to be lost by radiation as more blood flows to the surface of the body

below37°- blood cells near the surface constrict while those deep in the body dilate, heat is conserved as less blood flows to the surface